salts

Taurine (2-Aminoethanesulfonic acid) is an organic acid widely distributed in animal tissues and is one of the constituents of bile acids. Taurine is involved in a number of processes related to energy expenditure and muscle function, and can treat fatigue and muscles as well as improve immune function.

Magnesium Sulfate Heptahydrate is a biochemical reagent suitable for cell culture, which can be added to culture media to support microbial growth.

Phosphatidylinositols sodium are a type of lipid present in organisms that has an enrichment effect and is involved in regulating various cell functions. They can be used in the functional study of lipid membranes.

Sinigrin choline salts is a natural product that can be used in related research in the field of life sciences. Its product number is TN8810.

Bromfenac sodium hydrate (Bromfenac monosodium salt sesquihydrate) is the sodium salt form of bromfenac, a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) with analgesic and anti-inflammatory properties. Upon ophthalmic administration, bromfenac binds to and inhibits cyclooxygenase II (COX II), an enzyme that converts arachidonic acid to cyclic endoperoxides, which are prostaglandin (PG) precursors. By inhibiting PG formation, bromfenac prevents PG-induced inflammation, vasodilation, leukocytosis, disruption of the blood-aqueous humor barrier, increased vascular permeability, and elevated intraocular pressure (IOP).

L-Cysteine S-sulfate sodium salt sesquihydrate is a useful organic compound for research related to life sciences. The catalog number is T64782 and the CAS number is 150465-29-5.

Lipopolysaccharides (LPS), derived from Escherichia coli O55:B5, are essential components of the outer membrane of Gram-negative bacteria. Composed of lipid A, a core oligosaccharide, and an O-specific polysaccharide, LPS exhibits strong immunogenicity. It activates immune cells via the TLR4 receptor, induces chemotactic cell migration and cytokine secretion, and helps maintain the integrity of the bacterial outer membrane, protecting against bile salts and lipid-based antibiotics. LPS is commonly used to establish inflammatory models, including arthritis, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), and gastrointestinal disease models.

Cetrimonium bromide (Lauroseptol) is is a mixture of different quaternary ammonium salts, which is a known component of the broad-spectrum antiseptic cetrimide.

Penicillin G sodium(Benzylpenicillin sodium) salt is a penicillin derivative commonly used in the form of its sodium or potassium salts in the treatment of a variety of infections. It is effective against most gram-positive bacteria and against gram-negative cocci. It has also been used as an experimental convulsant because of its actions on GAMMA-AMINOBUTYRIC ACID mediated synaptic transmission.

Chlorophyllin sodium copper salt (Chlorophyllin coppered trisodium salt) is a semi-synthetic mixture of water-soluble sodium copper salts derived from chlorophyll, primarily used as a food additive and alternative medicine.

D-(+)-Fucose is a non-metabolizable analog of l-arabinose and an inducer of β-methylgalactoside permease. It inhibits the induction of the l-arabinose manipulator and blocks the growth of Escherichia coli B/r on mineral salts medium with l-arabinose.

L-Tartaric acid ((2R,3R)-(+)-Tartaric acid) occurs naturally in many plants, particularly grapes and tamarinds, and is one of the main acids found in wine. It is used as an antioxidant. Salts of tartaric acid are known as tartrates. L-Tartaric acid is a muscle toxin, which works by inhibiting the production of malic acid, and in high doses causes paralysis and death.

6-Methylnicotinamide is a derivative of nicotinamide, an endogenous metabolite. 6-Methylnicotinamide is used to make co-crystals/salts. In the acute phase of cerebral hemorrhage (ICH), a sudden increase in 6-Methylnicotinamide exacerbates neurological damage.6-Methylnicotinamide can be used to make co-crystals/salts.6-Methylnicotinamide can be used to make co-crystals/salts.

Sodium taurodeoxycholate hydrate (Taurodeoxycholic acid sodium salt monohydrate) has been used in a study to assess the effect of submicellar concentrations of bile salts on the lipid bilayer membrane.

Dequalinium is a quaternary ammonium cation and bolaamphiphile commonly available as the dichloride salt. The bromide, iodide, acetate, and undecenoate salts are known as well.

Atorvastatin acetonide tert-butyl ester, a valuable pharmaceutical intermediate, is used in preparing Atorvastatin salts, an HMG-CoA reductase inhibitor.

S186 is a sodium salt of calcium-acetylpropylamine phosphonate (APA) and serves as a novel agent for strontium-specific chelation.

12α-Hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase, an NAD-dependent enzyme expressed in Bacillus sphaericus, actively processes both free and conjugated bile salts. It is utilized to determine the levels of 12α-hydroxy bile acids in serum.

Galactose 1-dehydrogenase, pseudomonas fluorescens, a dehydrogenase found in Pseudomonas fluorescens, facilitates the oxidation of L-arabinose and D-galactose, utilizing NADP+/NAD+ as a cofactor. This enzyme is employed in diagnostic assays to quantify total galactose levels and serves as a biocatalyst in the production of galacturonic acid salts.

Tocophersolan, a synthetic polymer and form of vitamin E, can independently form micelles because of its amphiphilic nature, allowing for easy absorption by intestinal epithelial cells even in the absence of bile salts.

Decamethyltetrasiloxane, a non-cyclic silicone oligomer, is used in the methylation of mercury(II) salts. It is transformed by a specific microflora. In the natural environment, it is degraded by mechanisms similar to other organic compounds.

Ferric citrate as a source of iron used in cell culture applications can provide iron with a less toxic form compared to free iron salts.

Iodoxylic acid, a mixture of meglumine and sodium salts, is used to visualize the biliary tract as a radiopaque diagnostic aid.

Taurolithocholic acid 3-sulfate (TLC-S) induces Ca²⁺ signaling in isolated murine pancreatic acinar cells (PACs). Ca²⁺ oscillations occur at concentrations as low as 25 μM and are triggered in nearly all cells at 200 μM. At 300–500 μM, Taurolithocholic produces prolonged Ca²⁺ elevations that begin with intracellular Ca²⁺ release and are sustained by extracellular Ca²⁺ influx. Other bile salts, including taurodeoxycholate (TDC) and taurocholate (TC), can also stimulate local and global Ca²⁺ oscillations but only at much higher concentrations (approximately 1 mM and 5 mM). Taurolithocholic is a potent Ca²⁺-releasing bile acid tested in PACs and is uniquely effective at inducing Ca²⁺-independent ionic currents even at low micromolar levels. Therefore implicating Taurolithocholic as a strong canidate for researches in gut metabolism.