prostaglandin-signaling

ML-148 is a selective inhibitor of 15-hydroxy prostaglandin dehydrogenase (15-PGDH, IC50 = 56 nM). ML-148 can be used to profile across a panel of related dehydrogenase or reductase enzymes and in studies about prostaglandin-signaling pathways.

PGD2-IN-1 (PGD2-inhibitor) is an effective DP receptor antagonist (IC50:0.3 nM), a compound that can inhibit prostaglandin D2 (PGD2) signaling. PGD2-IN-1 specifically targets and regulates the activity of PGD2 receptors or enzymes involved IN PGD2 synthesis or metabolism.

DBMB is a spleen tyrosine kinase (Syk) inhibitor that significantly suppresses Syk enzyme activity. It possesses anti-inflammatory properties by inhibiting NF-κB signaling, thereby reducing the production of inflammatory mediators such as nitric oxide (NO) and prostaglandin E2 (PGE2). DBMB can be utilized in research on inflammatory diseases.

SC 19220 is a prostaglandin E2 receptor EP1 antagonist.SC 19220 inhibits RANKL-induced osteoclastogenesis by inhibiting the RANK/RANKL signaling pathway in osteoclast precursors.

Butaprost is a selective agonist of the prostaglandin E receptor EP2 that exhibits an EC50 of 33 nM and a Ki of 2.4 μM toward the murine EP2 receptor, while showing markedly lower activity against murine EP1, EP3, and EP4 receptors. Butaprost effectively attenuates fibrotic responses by inhibiting the TGF-β/Smad2 signaling pathway, supporting its utility in fibrosis, inflammation, and prostaglandin receptor signaling research.

ONO 1301 is a prostaglandin I2 mimetic compound with inhibitory activity against thromboxane A2 synthase, and it suppresses pancreatic fibrosis in the DBTC-induced chronic pancreatitis model by inhibiting monocyte activity through both direct effects of ONO 1301 and induction of hepatocyte growth factor. ONO 1301 also promoting HGF synthesis and elevating intracellular cyclic AMP levels via IP-receptor signaling, highlighting its therapeutic relevance in fibrotic disease and inflammation research.

Beta-Sitosterol (SKF 14463) has recently been shown to induce G2/M arrest, endoreduplication, and apoptosis through the Bcl-2 and PI3K/Akt signaling pathways. Beta-Sitosterol (SKF 14463) , a main dietary phytosterol found in plants, may have the potential for prevention and therapy for human cancer. Although the exact mechanism of action of Beta-Sitosterol (SKF 14463) is unknown, it may be related to cholesterol metabolism or anti-inflammatory effects (via interference with prostaglandin metabolism). Beta-Sitosterol (SKF 14463) induces apoptosis and activates key caspases in MDA-MB-231 human breast cancer cells.

AM404 is an endocannabinoid reuptake inhibitor, a TRPV(1) activator, a paracetamol metabolite, with neuroprotective and anticancer activity that blocks anandamide transport. AM404 inhibits NFAT and NF-kappaB signaling pathways and impairs migration and invasiveness of neuroblastoma cells, preventing prostaglandin synthesis in activated microglia by inhibiting COX activity.

15-keto-Prostaglandin E2 is an endogenous bioactive metabolite that inhibits STAT3 activation through covalent interaction with the Cys259 residue, while also binding to and stabilizing EP2 and EP4 receptors, thereby exerting inhibitory effects on breast cancer cell growth and tumor progression, activating PPAR-γ signaling, and promoting fungal growth, collectively positioning this lipid mediator as a multifunctional regulator in cancer biology, immunometabolism, and host–pathogen interaction research.

15-Deoxy-Δ12,14-Prostaglandin A1, a deoxyanalog of prostaglandins, inhibits NF-κB signaling and induces apoptosis. It also prevents TNF-α-induced upregulation of inflammatory endothelial cell adhesion molecules (CAM) and reduces monocyte arrest [1].

15(R)-Prostaglandin D2 functions as a DP(2) receptor (Prostaglandin Receptor) agonist with potential roles in prostatic hormone signaling and exhibits anti-inflammatory properties. It enhances actin polymerization in human eosinophils and elevates cAMP levels in platelets [1].

AKR1C3-IN-14 (compound 4) is an inhibitor of AKR1C3 enzyme, exhibiting an IC50 value of 0.122 μM. It reduces excess androgen production by inhibiting the activity of the AKR1C3 enzyme, thereby regulating hormone-mediated signaling. Additionally, AKR1C3-IN-14 plays a role in the biosynthesis of prostaglandin PGF2α, influencing this pathway to regulate cell proliferation. This compound is utilized in the research of prostate cancer.

Perilloxin possesses measurable inhibitory activity against cyclooxygenase-1 (COX-1), exhibiting an IC50 value of 23.2 μM, and this biochemical property supports its application as a functional research molecule for studying inflammatory signaling pathways, enzyme inhibition mechanisms, and structure–activity relationships relevant to prostaglandin biosynthesis and inflammation-associated biological processes.