omega-6

Linoleic acid (9,12-octadecadienoic acid) is a naturally occurring polyunsaturated fatty acid found in animal and vegetable oils. Linoleic acid is an essential fatty acid that is part of membrane phospholipids.

Arachidonic acid (Immunocytophyt) is a polyunsaturated omega-6 essential fatty acid that serves as a major component of biological membranes and animal phospholipids. It is synthesized from dietary linoleic acid and acts as a precursor to lipid mediators such as prostaglandins, thromboxanes, and leukotrienes. Arachidonic acid can improve cognitive responses and cardiovascular function and is commonly used to induce paw edema models.

Pinolenic Acid (PNLA) is an omega-6 polyunsaturated fatty acid extracted from pine nuts, with anti-inflammatory, anticancer, and lipid-lowering activities, improving oleic acid-induced lipogenesis and oxidative stress in HepG2 cells, useful in breast cancer research.

Resolvin E2 (RvE2) is a member of the specialized pro-resolving mediator (SPM) family of bioactive lipids.1It is produced from eicosapentaenoic acidviaan 18-HEPE intermediate, which is formed by aspirin-acetylated COX-2-mediated oxidation of EPA, by 5-lipoxygenase (5-LO) in human polymorphonuclear (PMN) neutrophils.2,3RvE2 (20 ng/animal) inhibits increases in inflammatory exudate neutrophil infiltration in a mouse model of peritonitis induced by zymosan A .3Hepatic RvE2 levels are increased in mice fed normal chow, as well as in a mouse model of high-fat diet-induced non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), by dietary supplementation with EPA.4Plasma levels of RvE2 are increased by dietary supplementation with fish oil containing ω-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) in patients with peripheral artery disease or chronic kidney disease.1,5,6 1.Chiang, N., and Serhan, C.N.Specialized pro-resolving mediator network: An update on production and actionsEssays Biochem.64(3)443-462(2020) 2.Tjonahen, E., Oh, S.F., Siegelman, J., et al.Resolvin E2: Identification and anti-inflammatory actions: Pivotal role of human 5-lipoxygenase in resolvin E series biosynthesisChemistry & Biology131193-1202(2006) 3.Sungwhan, F.O., Pillai, P.S., Recchiuti, A., et al.Pro-resolving actions and stereoselective biosynthesis of 18S E-series resolvins in human leukocytes and murine inflammationJ. Clin. Invest.121(2)569-581(2011) 4.Echeverría, F., Valenzuela, R., Espinosa, A., et al.Reduction of high-fat diet-induced liver proinflammatory state by eicosapentaenoic acid plus hydroxytyrosol supplementation: Involvement of resolvins RvE1/2 and RvD1/2J. Nutr. Biochem.6335-43(2019) 5.Ramirez, J.L., Gasper, W.J., Khetani, S.A., et al.Fish oil increases specialized pro-resolving lipid mediators in PAD (the OMEGA-PAD II trial)J. Surg. Res.238164-174(2019) 6.Barden, A.E., Shinde, S., Burke, V., et al.The effect of n-3 fatty acids and coenzyme Q10 supplementation on neutrophil leukotrienes, mediators of inflammation resolution and myeloperoxidase in chronic kidney diseaseProstaglandins Other Lipid Mediat.1361-8(2018)

gamma-Linolenic acid (gamolenic acid), is an unsaturated fatty acid synthesized from linoleic acid (LA) by the enzyme delta-6-desaturase. Research on hepatocellular cell lines has shown γ-Linolenic Acid to have induced reactive oxygen species generation including lipid peroxidation, cell growth inhibition, and heme oxygenase-1 production for antioxidant protection against oxidative stress. Further experiments have noted that γ-Linolenic acid inhibits inflammatory responses through inactivation of NFκB and activator protein-1 by suppressed oxidative stress.

Arachidonic acid sodium salt is a polyunsaturated omega-6 fatty acid that is a major component of biological membranes, serving as a substrate for various lipid mediators including prostaglandins (PG). It can improve cognitive responses and cardiovascular function, and can also be used to induce paw swelling models.

Osbond acid, an isomer of DPA (docosapentaenoic acid), is an ω-6 fatty acid produced by the elongation and desaturation of arachidonic acid. Decreased levels of osbond acid during fatty acid desaturase syndrome may interfere with normal development. In non-alcoholic steatohepatitis, a precancerous condition associated with hepatocellular carcinoma, hepatic expression of very-long-chain fatty acid protein 6 is increased, along with elevated levels of very-long-chain fatty acids including osbond acid.

Arachidonic acid-13C4 is a 13C-labeled version of arachidonic acid (TMSM-0456). As a polyunsaturated omega-6 fatty acid, arachidonic acid (Immunocytophyt) is a key component of biological membranes. It also serves as a substrate for various lipid mediators, such as prostaglandins (PG). Additionally, arachidonic acid can enhance cognitive response and cardiovascular function.

4,7,10,13,16-Docosapentaenoic acid (Standard) is the standard substance of 4,7,10,13,16-Docosapentaenoic acid, and it is applicable for quantitative analysis, quality control, and related research in biochemical experiments. 4,7,10,13,16-Docosapentaenoic acid (22:5n-6) is an endogenous metabolite [HMDB0002349], [CHEBI:32698], [CHEMBL113282], [PubChem CID: 3082141], that belongs to (non-methylene-interrupted polyunsaturated fatty acids) (NMIFA). This molecule is (biosynthesized from adrenate) and is classified as a (non-methylene interrupted fatty acid), (medium-chain fatty acid), and (DPA).

Arachidonic acid (Standard) is the standard substance of Arachidonic acid, and it is applicable for quantitative analysis, quality control, and related research in biochemical experiments. Arachidonic acid (Immunocytophyt) is a polyunsaturated omega-6 essential fatty acid that serves as a major component of biological membranes and animal phospholipids. It is synthesized from dietary linoleic acid and acts as a precursor to lipid mediators such as prostaglandins, thromboxanes, and leukotrienes. Arachidonic acid can improve cognitive responses and cardiovascular function and is commonly used to induce paw edema models.

gamma-Linolenic acid (Standard) is the standard substance of gamma-Linolenic acid, and it is applicable for quantitative analysis, quality control, and related research in biochemical experiments. gamma-Linolenic acid (gamolenic acid), is an unsaturated fatty acid synthesized from linoleic acid (LA) by the enzyme delta-6-desaturase. Research on hepatocellular cell lines has shown γ-Linolenic Acid to have induced reactive oxygen species generation including lipid peroxidation, cell growth inhibition, and heme oxygenase-1 production for antioxidant protection against oxidative stress. Further experiments have noted that γ-Linolenic acid inhibits inflammatory responses through inactivation of NFκB and activator protein-1 by suppressed oxidative stress.

omega-Benzoyl oxyphloracetophenone is a natural product for research related to life sciences. The catalog number is TN4709 and the CAS number is 65982-77-6.

12-Dipalmitoyl-3-Linoelaidoyl-rac-glycerol is a triacylglycerol containing palmitic acid in the sn-1 and sn-2 positions and linolelaidic acid in the sn-3 position. Palmitic acid is a long-chain saturated fatty acid commonly found in animals and plants, capable of inducing the expression of glucose-regulated protein 78 (GRP78) and CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein homologous protein (CHOP) in mouse granulosa cells. Linolelaidic acid, an omega-6 trans fatty acid (TFA), serves as an energy source and is an essential nutrient that can be incorporated into enteral, parenteral, and infant formulas. Additionally, linolelaidic acid is utilized in heart disease research.