insulin signalling pathway

Kazinol B is an inhibitor of nitric oxide (NO) production, an isopentenylated flavan with a dimethylpyran ring.Kazinol B improves insulin sensitivity by activating the insulin-Akt signalling pathway and AMPK, which enhances glucose uptake.Kazinol B stimulates gene expression and secretion of adiponectin and can be used to study diabetes.

Pinoresinol ((+)-Pinoresinol) has antiinflammatory, hepatoprotective, and fungicidal activities, it can protect pial microcirculation from I-reperfusion injury, to increase nitric oxide release and to reduce oxidative stress preserving pial blood flow distribution; it may exert pharmacologically interesting effects via modulation of the insulin-like signalling pathway in C.elegans. Pinoresinol causes an upregulation of the CDK inhibitor p21(WAF1 Cip1) both at mRNA and protein levels, inhibits NF-kappaB and activating protein 1 (AP-1).