hyperemia

Benzyl nicotinate (Pycaril) is a agonist of GPR109A receptor and GPR109B receptor

Sovesudil (PHP-201) is a potent, ATP-competitive, locally acting Rho kinase (ROCK) inhibitor, showing IC50 values of 3.7 nM for ROCK-I and 2.3 nM for ROCK-II, and capable of lowering intraocular pressure (IOP) without inducing hyperemia.

Netarsudil, also known as AR-11324, is a Rho-associated protein kinase inhibitor. Netarsudil is potential useful for treating glaucoma and or reducing intraocular pressure. Netarsudil Increases Outflow Facility in Human Eyes Through Multiple Mechanisms. Netarsudil inhibited kinases ROCK1 and ROCK2 with a Ki of 1 nM each, disrupted actin stress fibers and focal adhesions in TM cells with IC50s of 79 and 16 nM, respectively, and blocked the profibrotic effects of TGF-β2 in HTM cells. Netarsudil produced large reductions in IOP in rabbits and monkeys that were sustained for at least 24 h after once daily dosing, with transient, mild hyperemia observed as the only adverse effect.