feeding

(+)-Isopulegol is a monoterpenoid from Mentha canadensis L.

Linoleoyl Ethanolamide is an endocannabinoid agent. It acts by binding to TRPV1 increasing ERK phosphorylation and AP-1 dependent transcription in CB-receptor in an independent manner.

Lanolin (wool wax)is a wax secreted by the sebaceous glandsofwool-bearing animals.

BIBO3304 TFA is an effective, orally active, and selective neuropeptide Y (NPY) Y1 receptor antagonist (IC50:0.38 and 0.72 nM for the human and the rat Y1 receptor).

Flonicamid (N-(cyanomethyl)-4-(trifluoromethyl)nicotinamide), a pyridinecarboxamide insecticide, inhibits aphid (M. persicae) salivation and sap ingestion during feeding on Japanese radish leaves. It induces toxicity in the aphid species A. gossypii, L. erysimi, R. padi, and S. graminum and rats.

Pymetrozine (CGA 215944) is a Homoptera feeding inhibitor that effectively prevents transmission of the cauliflower mosaic caulimovirus by the aphid species Myzus persicae.

(E)-β-Farnesene (trans-β-Farnesene) is a sesquiterpene hydrocarbon found in Phlomis aurea Decne, serving as the primary component of many aphid alarm pheromones that disrupt feeding. It also impairs the development and survival of Chilo suppressalis larvae by disrupting their hormone balance.

BIBO3304 is a selective NPY Y1 receptor antagonist (IC50 values are 0.38 and 0.72 nM at human and rat receptors respectively). BIBO3304 inhibits NPY- and fasting-induced feeding in vivo following central administration.

Alphitonin is a flavonoid that has been found in L. leptolepis wood.1 It is also a metabolic intermediate that is formed during the catabolism of quercetin by the human gut bacteria E. ramulus.2,3 |1. Chen, K., Ohmura, W., Doi, S., et al. Termite feeding deterrent from Japanese larch wood. Bioresour. Technol. 95(2), 129-134 (2004).|2. Braune, A., Gütschow, M., Engst, W., et al. Degradation of quercetin and luteolin by Eubacterium ramulus. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 67(12), 5558-55567 (2001).|3. Jaganath, I.B., Mullen, W., Lean, M.E.J., et al. In vitro catabolism of rutin by human fecal bacteria and the antioxidant capacity of its catabolites. Free Radic. Biol. Med. 47(8), 1180-1189 (2009).

Sulfoxaflor (GF 2032) is an agonist of nAChR1 and nAChR2 subtypes and a systemic insecticide that acts on the insect central nervous system. Sulfoxaflor was found to have some effects on peripheral blood lymphocytes and is used to control sap-feeding insects such as brown planthopper, whitefly, peach aphid, and cotton aphid.

S-WJM992 (compound 10ahb) serves as an antiparasitic agent, effectively inhibiting ATPase activity in high [Na+] environments. It also significantly counteracts parasites resistant to PfATP4 inhibitors. Additionally, S-WJM992 acts as a potential transmission blocker by impeding gamete development and halting the transmission of parasites to mosquitoes during blood feeding.

Antifeedant agent 1 functions as a carboxylesterase inhibitor that controls insect pests by inhibiting their feeding, with an EC50 of 0.038 mg/mL. It is applicable in the research of pest control.

SDH-IN-23 (Compound B21) is an SDH inhibitor with exceptional nematicidal activity. It can suppress nematode feeding, reproduction, and embryonic development while also inducing lethal effects through mechanisms such as oxidative stress, intestinal damage, and SDH inhibition.

Zilpaterol hydrochloride is a agonist of β-adrenergic receptor (AR). It is used to increase the feeding efficiency and the size of cattle.

SDH-IN-24 (Compound 51) is an inhibitor of succinate dehydrogenase (SDH) with an LC50 of 6.9 mg/L against second-stage larvae of Bursaphelenchus xylophilus and an IC50 of 15.0 μM against SDH. It exerts nematicidal activity by disrupting nematode energy metabolism, inhibiting movement, feeding, reproduction, inducing oxidative stress, reducing protein content, and impairing antioxidant capability. SDH-IN-24 is applicable for research in nematode control.

(E/Z)-Oleamide (Octadec-9-enamide) is a PPARα ligand found in the hippocampus. It can be isolated from the plant Galium aparineL. (GA). (E/Z)-Oleamide regulates hippocampal plasticity by transcriptional activation of CREB and influences feeding and sexual behavior in rats.

LH-21 is a potent in vivo neutral cannabinoid CB1 receptor antagonist that reduces food intake and body weight gain in obese Zucker rats, resulting in a dose-dependent inhibition of feeding [1].

Proxyfan (Proxifan) is a high-affinity protean antagonist/agonist of histamine H3 receptors with a full spectrum of pharmacological activity ranging from full agonist to full inverse agonist(antagonist), depending on the competition between constitutively active and resting H3 receptors within a given tissue or brain region.Proxyfan acts as a neutral antagonist in the feeding-associated ventral medial nucleus of the hypothalamus, and as a agonist in the basolateral amygdala of the rat (BLA).

AC-24,055 is a synthetic insect feeding repellent.

BMS-814580 is a potent and selective functional antagonist (Kb = 117 nM) of human MCHR1. BMS-814580 exhibits potent binding affinity (Ki = 17 nM) for human MCHR1. BMS-814580 also exhibits potent binding affinities for cynomolgus monkey and rat MCHR1 (Ki o

AM-3102 is an OEA analog that stimulates PPARα transcriptional activity and prolongs feeding latency. It is resistant to enzymatic hydrolysis and is as potent as OEA in enhancing transcriptional activity of PPARα and reducing food intake in free-feeding r

J-115814 is a potent feeding stimulant.

Neuromedin U (NMU) is a neuropeptide first demonstrated to drive smooth muscle contraction.1Translated as a 174 amino acid propeptide, NMU is cleaved to different lengths in different animals. It has diverse receptor-mediated rolesin vivo, as it regulates feeding, vasoconstriction, nociception, and bone remodeling and contributes to obesity, cancer and septic shock.2,2NMU-25 is the active form of NMU in humans. It binds with high affinity to receptors on human left ventricle and coronary artery (KDs = 0.26 and 0.11 nM, respectively), eliciting endothelium-independent vasoconstriction.3NMU-25 also suppresses glucose-stimulated insulin secretion in human islets, and this effect is lost in NMU R165W mutants, resulting in early-onset obesity.4 1.Mitchell, J.D., Maguire, J.J., and Davenport, A.P.Emerging pharmacology and physiology of neuromedin U and the structurally related peptide neuromedin SBritish Journal of Pharmacology15887-103(2009) 2.Greenwood, H.C., Bloom, S.R., and Murphy, K.G.Peptides and their potential role in the treatment of diabetes and obesityRev.Diabet.Stud.8(3)355-368(2011) 3.Mitchell, J.D., Maguire, J.J., Kuc, R.E., et al.Expression and vasoconstrictor function of anorexigenic peptides neuromedin U-25 and S in the human cardiovascular systemCardiovascular Research81353-361(2009) 4.Alfa, R.W., Park, S., Skelly, K.R., et al.Suppression of insulin production and secretion by a decretin hormoneCell Metabolism21(2)323-333(2015)

Jacaric acid is a conjugated polyunsaturated fatty acid first isolated from seeds of Jacaranda plants. Structurally, it is an 18-carbon ω-6 triene isomer of γ-linolenic acid . Jacaric acid induces cell cycle arrest and apoptosis in a variety of cancer cell lines (GI50 = 1-5 μM). It increases the production of reactive oxygen species, and cytotoxicity is abolished by the antioxidant α-tocopherol, suggesting that apoptosis results from oxidative stress. Jacaric acid is metabolized in vivo to conjugated linoleic acid , which is also cytotoxic to cancer cells. Jacaric acid inhibits cyclooxygenase-1 in vitro (Ki = 1.7 μM) and, with long term feeding, decreases stearoyl-CoA desaturase expression and activity in mice.