c-di-gmp

Cyclic-di-GMP, a STING agonist and ubiquitous second messenger, regulates biofilm formation, motility, and virulence in various bacterial species.

Cyclic di-GMP (c-di-GMP) diammonium is a STING activator and a global bacterial second messenger, which regulates biofilm formation, motility, and virulence in diverse bacterial species .

Cyclic-di-GMP disodium (5GP-5GP disodium) is a STING agonist and a second messenger in bacteria. It is involved in a variety of processes in prokaryotes, including biofilm formation, motility, and cell cycle progression. Cyclic-di-GMP disodium (5GP-5GP disodium) exhibits antiproliferative activity against cancer cells, inducing increased CD4 receptor expression and cell cycle arrest, and is a novel therapeutic agent that can be developed to prevent or treat cancer.

Cyclic di-GMP sodium (c-di-GMP sodium) is a STING activator and a ubiquitous second messenger that regulates biofilm formation, motility and virulence of various bacteria.

'2'-Fluo-AHC-c-di-GMP is a multifunctional dye used in biological experiments to observe and analyze cell structures, track biomolecules, evaluate cell functions, distinguish cell types, detect biomolecules, study tissue pathology, and monitor microorganisms. Its applications range from basic scientific research to clinical diagnostics. Additionally, dyes are utilized in traditional fields such as textile dyeing and emerging fields like functional textile processing, food pigments, and dye-sensitized solar cells.

3’,5’-DiOA-dC is a hydrophobic nucleotide lipid and acts as a ligand for the STING agonist c-di-GMP (CDG). It can assemble with CDG to form stable cyclic dinucleotide nanoparticles through molecular recognition-driven supramolecular forces. This interaction reduces tumor weight and volume while increasing the levels of CD8 T cells, neutrophils, and NK cells in the tumor microenvironment. Additionally, 3’,5’-DiOA-dC enhances TNF-α and IFN-γ levels in a mouse melanoma model.

Cyclic di-IMP (sodium salt) (c-di-IMP) is a synthetic second messenger structurally related to the bacterial second messengers cyclic di-GMP and cyclic di-AMP . C-di-IMP has adjuvant properties when co-administered with antigens in vitro and by mucosal routes in vivo. C-di-IMP enriches the population of MHC class I and II, CD80, CD86, CD40, and CD54 positive dendritic cells derived from murine bone marrow. It also stimulates macrophages at 500 ng/ml. Mice immunized with β-galactosidase (β-gal) plus c-di-IMP through the intranasal route show a humoral immune response, evidenced by an increase in IgG titers up to 2-fold compared to mice immunized with β-gal alone. Mice immunized with β-gal plus c-di-IMP also exhibit a Th1/Th2 response, indicating that the adjuvant activity of c-di-IMP leads to a cellular immune response as well.

5'-Phosphoguanylyl-(3',5')-guanosine trisodium (pGpG trisodium) is an intermediate molecule produced through the enzymatic degradation pathway of cyclic di-GMP (c-di-GMP). It can be used for studying nucleic acid metabolism.