atropine sulfate hydrate

Atropine sulfate monohydrate (Atropine sulfate hydrate), the sulfate salt of atropine, is a competitive muscarinic acetylcholine receptor antagonist.

L-Hyoscyamine sulfate (Levsin Sulfate) is the sulfate salt of a belladonna alkaloid derivative and the levorotatory form of racemic atropine isolated from the plants Hyoscyamus niger or Atropa belladonna, which exhibits anticholinergic activity. Hyoscyamine functions as a non-selective, competitive antagonist of muscarinic receptors, thereby inhibiting the parasympathetic activities of acetylcholine on the salivary, bronchial, and sweat glands, as well as the eye, heart, bladder, and gastrointestinal tract. These inhibitory effects cause a decrease in saliva, bronchial mucus, gastric juices, and sweat. Furthermore, its inhibitory action on smooth muscle prevents bladder contraction and decreases gastrointestinal motility.

L-Hyoscyamine sulfate hydrate, a naturally occurring tropane alkaloid, acts as an effective competitive antagonist of muscarinic receptors (MR). It is the levorotary isomer of Atropine.