adp/atp

1. Atractyloside potassium salt (Atractyloside Dipotassium Salt) inhibits oxidative phosphorylation by blocking the transfer of adenosine nucleotides through the mitochondrial membrane.

Myosin V-IN-1 is a potent and selective inhibitor of Myosin V with a Ki value of 6 μM.Myosin V-IN-1 inhibits actin V and slows down actin-activated myosin V ATPase by selectively inhibiting the release of ADP from the actinoglobulin complex.

Adenosine 5'-diphosphate (ADP) is a naturally occurring nucleotide derived from the dephosphorylation of ATP. Adenosine 5'-diphosphate is essential for cellular metabolism and induces platelet aggregation.

D-Ribose(mixture of isomers) (D-(-)-Ribose), commonly referred to as simply ribose, is a five-carbon sugar found in all living cells. Ribose is not an essential nutrient because it can be synthesized by almost every tissue in the body from other substances, such as glucose. It is vital for life as a component of DNA, RNA, ATP, ADP, and AMP.

Creatine (Methylguanidoacetic acid) is an amino acid that occurs in vertebrate tissues and in urine. In muscle tissue, creatine generally occurs as phosphocreatine. Creatine is excreted as creatinine in the urine. Creatine functions as part of the cell's energy shuttle. The high energy phosphate group of ATP is transferred to creatine to form phosphocreatine in the following reaction: Cr + ATP <-> PCr + ADP. This reaction is reversibly catalyzed by creatine kinase. In the human body, creatine is synthesized mainly in the liver by the use of parts from three different amino acids: arginine, glycine, and methionine. 95% of it is later stored in the skeletal muscles and the rest is stored in the brain, heart, and testes.

Phosphocreatine disodium hydrate ishigh-energy phosphate reservoir in vertebrate and some invertebrate muscle; provides phosphate for ADP-ATP conversion

ACLY Inhibitor 7 is a highly potent and selective small molecule inhibitor that exhibits exceptional inhibitory activity against human ATP citrate lyase (hACLY). ACLY Inhibitor 7 demonstrates an IC50 value of less than 1 nM as measured by the ADP-Glo assay, indicating its potential for metabolic disease and oncology research.

Methoxamine hydrochloride (Methoxamine HCl) is an alpha-1 adrenergic agonist that causes prolonged peripheral VASOCONSTRICTION.

Latrunculin A is a toxin isolated from the red sea sponge Latrunculia magnifica. Latrunculin A binds to actin monomers and it also inhibits polymerization of actin (Kds: 0.1, 0.4, 4.7 μM, and 0.19 μM for ATP-actin, ADP-Pi-actin, ADP-actin, and G-actin, re

NIK SMI1 is an effective and selective NF-κB inducing kinase (NIK) inhibitor. It also inhibits NIK-catalyzed hydrolysis of ATP to ADP (IC50: 0.23±0.17 nM).

Ap4dT serves as an inhibitor of human adenylate kinase isozyme 1 (hAK1), effectively suppressing the synthesis of ATP and ADP, with IC50 values of 42 μM and 38 μM, respectively.

Tetradifon is a broad-spectrum organochlorine acaricide insecticide and a potent inhibitor of the mitochondrial oligomycin sensitivity conferring protein (OSCP)，a subunit of ATP synthase. Tetradifon is utilized for controlling a variety of mite pests and inhibiting energy-related mitochondrial activities including ADP-stimulated respiration and ATPase activity with an IC50 range of 4.5-27 nmoL/mg mitochondrial protein; it exerts oligomycin-like effects by inhibiting oxidative phosphorylation, inducing significant oxidative stress, and interfering with bone metabolism, making it a compound of interest for researching mitochondrial function, bone remodeling mechanisms, and nephrotoxicity.

6-Bn-ADP (N6-benzyl ADP) sodium is a derivative of Adenosine 5'-diphosphate (ADP) that inhibits ATP hydrolysis. It also suppresses the ATPase activity of the proteins Mortalin, Hsc70, and Hsp70, with Ki values of 86.51 μM, 294.5 μM, and 1612 μM, respectively.

ProAX is an AXP prodrug that enhances intracellular ATP levels without causing cytotoxicity. It is metabolized by intracellular enzymes such as esterases and phosphoamidases, converting it into AMP, ADP, and ATP. ProAX has potential applications in the study of bioenergetics and molecular therapy.

MitoBloCK-1 is an inhibitor that obstructs the import of substrates reliant on the TIM22 pathway. It acts by preventing substrates from binding to the tim9/10 complex, thereby inhibiting their transport and preventing them from reaching the TIM22 translocase. MitoBloCK-1 impedes the mitochondrial import of TIM22 substrate proteins. Additionally, it hampers the transport of carrier proteins, such as ADP/ATP and phosphate carriers, and also inhibits the translocation of another carrier protein, PiC, along with the outer membrane protein Tom40.

Atractyloside, a natural heteroglucoside found in certain plants like A. gummifera, inhibits mitochondrial ATP synthesis by blocking ADP/ATP translocases, the proteins that facilitate the exchange of adenine di- and triphosphates across the inner mitochondrial membrane.

2-Methylthio-ATP tetrasodium (2-MeS-ATP tetrasodium) is a non-specific P2 receptor agonist, which can activate P2X2 and P2Y1 receptors and mimic the physiological effects of ATP by binding to P2 receptors, and is widely used in the study of cell signaling and metabolic processes. In addition, 2-Methylthio-ATP tetrasodium induces non-competitive inhibition of ADP-induced platelet aggregation in human.

Fuscin is a quinonoid fungal metabolite originally isolated from O. fuscum that has diverse biological activities. It inhibits binding of the ADP/ATP translocase inhibitor atractyloside to rat liver mitochondria in an ADP-dependent manner when used at a concentration of 50 μM in a radioligand binding assay. Fuscin (20 μM) reduces the glutathione content of rat liver mitochondria to 28% of controls and inhibits NADH oxidation in sonicated pigeon heart mitochondria preparations in a concentration-dependent manner. It competes with macrophage inflammatory protein 1α (MIP-1α) for binding to CCR5 chemokine receptors in vitro with an IC50 value of 21 μM.

TH5427 is a lead NUDT5 inhibitor(MG assay IC50 = 29 nM).

8-Bromo-AMP, also known as 8-Bromoadenosine 5'-monophosphate, is a membrane permeable cAMP analogue. It enhances cardiac recovery from ischemia and reperfusion by elevating ATP, ADP, and total adenine nucleotide concentrations.

8-NH2-ATP is an inactive derivative of adenosine triphosphate (ATP), synthesized from 8-NH2-Ado. It has been documented that 8-NH2-Ado exhibits potent properties, as evidenced by its ability to induce apoptosis-associated cleavage of poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase.

Adenosine 5'-diphosphate sodium salt (ADP sodium salt) is an adenine nucleotide that is phosphorylated into ATP by ATPase. This phosphorylation is a key part of cellular homeostatis as it allows for energy storage and is involved in nucleic acid metabolism. ADP affects platelet activation through its interaction with ADP receptors P2Y1, P2Y12 and P2X1. Upon its conversion to adenosine by ecto-ADPases, platelet activation is inhibited via adenosine receptors.

NDI-091143 is a potent, high-affinity human ATP-citrate lyase (ACLY) inhibitor with an IC50 of 2.1 nM (ADP-Glo assay), indirectly disrupting citrate binding via an unexpected mechanism of inhibition.

TFMU-ADPr serves as a versatile substrate for assessing poly(ADP-ribose) glycohydrolase (PARG) activity, enabling direct measurement of total PAR hydrolase activity through the liberation of a fluorophore. Exhibiting exceptional reactivity, generality, stability, and usability, TFMU-ADPr is an effective tool for evaluating small-molecule inhibitors and investigating the regulation of ADP-ribosyl catabolic enzymes in vitro [1].