xanthomonas oryzae

Ascamycin is a 5'-O-sulfonamide ribonucleoside antibiotic produced by Streptomyces spp. It exhibits selective antibacterial activity against Xanthomonas species, inhibiting Xanthomonas citri, Xanthomonas oryzae, and phage with MIC values of 0.4 μg/mL, 12.5 μg/mL, and 12.5 μg/mL respectively.

ROS inducer 1 is a small molecule compound with bactericidal activity that inhibits the production of ROS in Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. citri (Xac), Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae (Xoo) and Pseudomonas syringae pv. actinidiae (Psa). ROS inducer 1 induces ROS production in Xanthomonas cells and can be used to study bacterial infections in crops.

Antibacterialagent 262 (compound A23) is a potent antibacterial agent that inhibits the activity of Xanthomonas oryzae pv oryzae. It also disrupts the integrity of bacterial cell membranes by preventing the formation of biofilms of Xanthomonas oryzae pv oryzae.

L-threo-β-Hydroxyaspartic acid is an amino acid antibiotic with activity against Bacillus subtilis, Xanthomonas oryzae, Mycobacterium phlei, and Botrytis cinerea.

Antibacterialagent 276 (compound B3) acts as an antimicrobial agent with EC50 values of 1.32 μg/mL against Xanthomonas oryzae pv.oryzae and 2.80 μg/mL against Xanthomonas axonopodis pv.citri. It disrupts intracellular redox balance, leading to the accumulation of reactive oxygen species and subsequently inducing apoptosis (apoptosis).

Antibacterialagent 178 (compound A10) is an effective antimicrobial agent. It demonstrates antibacterial activity with EC50 values of 5.32 mg/L against Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae and 7.58 mg/L against Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzicola. Antibacterialagent 178 targets the translation regulator factor (CsrA) and virulence regulator factor (Xoc3530).

Quorum sensing-IN-5 is an RpfF-targeted quorum-sensing inhibitor. It suppresses Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae (Xoo) and Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. citri (Xac) with EC50 values of 9.91 μg/mL and 7.04 μg/mL, respectively. Quorum sensing-IN-5 exhibits antimicrobial activity.

Antibacterialagent 292 is a derivative of 3-pyrazolylindole and functions as an antibacterial agent. It exhibits potent inhibitory activity against Xanthomonas oryzae pv oryzae (Xoo) and Xanthomonas axonopodis pv citri (Xac), with EC50 values of 2.54 μg/mL and 3.49 μg/mL, respectively. It inhibits biofilm formation, bacterial motility, and extracellular polysaccharide production, induces morphological changes, promotes reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation, and leads to bacterial apoptosis. Additionally, it downregulates gene expression related to the type VI secretion system (T6SS). Antibacterialagent 292 can be applied in the management of bacterial leaf blight in rice and citrus canker.

Antibacterialagent 317 (Compound 5h) is an antibacterial agent with various mechanisms of action. These include enhancing cell membrane permeability, inhibiting the production of exopolysaccharides and cell membrane formation, and disrupting the biosynthesis of flagella and methionine. It effectively suppresses the growth of the plant pathogens Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzicola (Xoc) and Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae (Xoo), with EC50 values of 1.53 and 6.07 μg/mL, respectively.

Antibacterialagent 316 (Compound C1-15) is an antibacterial agent. It exhibits antibacterial activity against Xanthomonas oryzae pv oryzae, Xanthomonas axonopodis pv citri, and Pseudomonas solanacearum, with a MIC range of 1.56 to 6.25 μg/mL. Additionally, Antibacterialagent 316 shows antifungal activity against Rhizoctonia solani and Botrytis cinerea.

Antibacterial agent 66 (Compound 6q) is a trifluoromethylpyridine 1,3,4-oxadiazole derivative active against Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae (Xoo) (EC50: 7.2 μg/mL).

T3SS-IN-4 (Compound Z-8) serves as an inhibitor specifically targeting the Type III secretion system (T3SS) of Xanthomonas oryzae pv oryzae (X oo), effectively curbing the expression of T3SS-related genes without impeding bacterial growth. This compound not only diminishes the hypersensitive response (HR) triggered by X oo in tobacco but also reduces the pathogenicity of X oo in rice [1].

Mycoplanecin A is a cyclic peptide antibiotic with potent activity against mycobacteria, xanthomonads, and Staphylococcus aureus. Additionally, Mycoplanecin A exhibits moderate antibacterial effects on Xanthomonas oryzae. It also demonstrates antimicrobial activity against certain strains of actinobacteria.

Fosfazinomycin B exhibits activity against plant pathogenic fungi such as the rice blast pathogen (Xanthomonas oryzae).

Propeptin is a peptide antibiotic composed of 19 amino acids. It exhibits weak activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Monobacterium, and Xanthomonas oryzae. Propeptin has no effect on tumor cell lines KB and L1210; however, it inhibits prolyl endopeptidase.

Prenylterphenyllin (Compound 1) is an antimicrobial agent isolated from the marine fungus Aspergillus candidus IF10. It exhibits cytotoxic activity against KB3-1 cells with an IC50 of 8.5 mg/mL. Additionally, prenylterphenyllin shows antibacterial activity against both Xanthomonas oryzae and Erwinia amylovora, with a minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of 20 μg/mL for both.

Difficidin, an antibiotic produced by Bacillus velezensis, exhibits broad-spectrum antimicrobial activity by inhibiting protein biosynthesis. It effectively controls plant pathogens such as Erwinia amylovora (the causative agent of orchard fire blight) and Xanthomonas oryzae (a pathogen of rice disease).