fomepizole

Fomepizole (4-Methylpyrazole) is used as an antidote in confirmed or suspected methanol or ethylene glycol poisoning. Fomepizole(4-Methylpyrazole) is a competitive inhibitor of alcohol dehydrogenase, the enzyme that catalyzes the initial steps in the metabolism of ethylene glycol and methanol to their toxic metabolites.

Fomepizole hydrochloride (4-Methylpyrazole), a potent, orally active inhibitor of cytochrome P450 (CYP2E1) and a competitive inhibitor of alcohol dehydrogenase, prevents the conversion of methanol and ethylene glycol into toxic metabolites. It has potential as an antidote for poisoning by ethylene glycol or methanol.

Fomepizole-d2 (4-Methylpyrazole-d2) is a deuterium-labeled derivative of Fomepizole. It serves as an effective inhibitor of cytochrome P450 (CYP2E1) and acts as a competitive inhibitor of alcohol dehydrogenase. By preventing the conversion of methanol and ethylene glycol into toxic metabolites, Fomepizole has potential as an antidote for ethylene glycol or methanol poisoning.

4-Carboxypyrazole is a metabolite of fomepizole and can be used in the synthesis of ALKBH1 inhibitors as well as in gastric cancer research.

4-Hydroxymethylpyrazole is the main primary metabolite of formomizole formed in the process of liver oxidation. The plasma level increases with the increase of dosage of formomizole, but the half-life is relatively short. 4-Hydroxymethylpyrazole has a certain inhibitory effect on alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH) in humans and monkeys, but its inhibitory effect is obviously lower than that of Fomepizole.