cytochalasin a

Cytochalasin A, a cell-permeable fungal toxin and oxidized derivative of cytochalasin B, is an inhibitor of HIV-1 protease (IC50 = 3 μM). It inhibits actin polymerization, interferes with microtubule assembly by reacting with sulfhydryl groups, and serves as an antibiotic and bactericidal active agent.

Cytochalasin H ((16-Benzyl-5,12-dihydroxy-5,7,14-trimethyl-13-methylidene-18-oxo-17-azatricyclo[9.7.0.01,15]octadeca-3,9-dien-2-yl) acetate) is a potent inhibitor of actin incorporation into filaments.

Cytochalasin C, a cell-permeable fungal toxin, induces the formation of nuclear sticks and is 10 times less toxic than cytochalasin D in mice.

Cytochalasin E is a potent actin depolymerization agent and an epoxide containing Aspergillus-derived fungal metabolite. Cytochalasin E also inhibits angiogenesis and tumor growth. It binds and caps the barbed end of actin filaments to prevent actin elong

Cytochalasin B is a mycotoxin binding to the barbed end of actin filaments. It can disrupt the formation of actin polymers (Kd: 1.4-2.2 nM for F-actin).

Cytochalasin O (compound 13), a secondary metabolite produced by the phytopathogenic fungus P. sp. CIB-109 [1], is characterized by its bioactive properties.

Cytochalasin N, derived from the endophytic fungus Phomopsis sp.CIB-109 [1], is a cytorelaxin.

Cytochalasin K (Compound 7) is a cytochalasin known to inhibit wheat root elongation, exhibiting an IC50 value of 22.58 μM [1].

Evofolin B is a natural compound isolated from the stem bark of Zanthoxylum ailanthoides. Evofolin B has an inhibitory effect on the superoxide anion produced by human neutrophils in response to formyl-L-methionine-L-leucine-L-phenylalanine cytochalasin B (fMLP CB).

2'-Hydroxydaidzein is an isoflavonoid phytonutrient found in plant species, when a natural compound. 2'-Hydroxydaidzein has antioxidant activity, driven mainly by o-hydrogen bond dissociation enthalpy (BDE) and hydrogen atom transfer (HAT) mechanisms. 2'-Hydroxydaidzein inhibits chemical mediators in inflammatory cells and may be of value in the treatment and prevention of inflammatory diseases associated with excessive chemical mediator production. It may have a role in the treatment and prevention of central and peripheral inflammatory diseases associated with excessive chemical mediator production. 2'-Hydroxydaidzein inhibited the release of neutrophils and formyl-Met-Leu-Phe cytochalasin B (fMLP CB) in rats, with IC(50) values of 2.8+ -0.1 and 5.9+ -1.4 microM, respectively.

Boerelasin E is the first cytochalasin isolated from the endophytic fungus Boeremia exigua, featuring a cis-configured Δ21(22) double bond. It exhibits stronger antiproliferative activity against MCF-7 cells (IC50=20.52 μM) than cisplatin. Boerelasin E inhibits complete cell division in MCF-7 cells by arresting them in the G2 M phase and inducing apoptosis.