s. litura

Broflanilide is an insecticide that acts as a GABA receptor antagonist against DDT. It targets a novel allosteric site on insect GABA receptors, exhibits no cross-resistance, and demonstrates broad-spectrum efficacy. Broflanilide's metabolite, Desmethyl-Broflanilide, inhibits the RDL GABAR receptor in the Spodoptera litura moth with an IC50 value of 1.3 nM.

Isoasatone A, a natural product isolated from the plant [Heterotropa takaoi M.], exhibits anti-insect activity.

GABA receptor Antagonist 1 (compound 7w) effectively inhibits the Px RDL1 GABAR at an IC50 of 7.08 nmol/L and demonstrates insecticidal efficacy against P. xylostella, S. frugiperda, S. exigua, and S. litura with respective LC50 values of 0.09, 0.84, 0.87, and 0.68 mg/L. This compound also exhibits moderate toxicity to honeybees (48 h, ID50 = 2.22 μg/adult) and low toxicity to zebrafish (LC50: 42.4 mg/L) [1].

Isopiperine is a geometric isomer of Piperine. It can be extracted from pepper and exhibits antifeedant activity against S. litura, with an ED50 value of 0.058 (μmol/cm²).

Homopterocarpin and Pterocarpus extract offer gastroprotection against indomethacin- induced ulcer by antioxidative mechanism and the modulation of gastric homeostasis, homopterocarpin may be responsible for, or contribute to the antiulcerogenic property