mapping

5(6)-Carboxyfluorescein (5-(and-6)-Carboxyfluorescein mixed isomers) contains a carboxylic acid that can be used to react with primary amines via carbodiimide activation of the carboxylic acid.

DiAzKs is a diazirine-containing lysine analog that functions as a photo-cross-linking amino acid, which can be site-selectively incorporated into proteins, enabling covalent capture of protein–protein interactions upon light activation, and is widely used in vitro and in living cell systems to study dynamic molecular interactions, structural biology, and interactome mapping with high spatial and temporal resolution.

Di-4-ANEPPS, a voltage-sensitive dye, is utilized for detecting membrane potential changes, offering a time resolution under 1 ms and fluorescence variations up to 10% per 100 mV. Widely used for cardiac electrical activity mapping, Di-4-ANEPPS also shows a marked irreversible impact on both spontaneous heart rate and ventricular impulse conduction within an isolated rabbit heart model [1].