ly96

Expression system: E. coli
Length: 19-160, Full Length of Mature Protein
Activity: Not Tested

MD2, a 160-residue accessory glycoprotein, is responsible for the recognition and binding of Gram-negative bacterial membrane component, lipopolysaccharide (LPS).Internalization of pathogen inside the mononuclear phagocytes has also been attributed to MD2 which leads to the clearance of pathogens from the host. MD2 LY96 Protein, Cynomolgus, Recombinant (His) is expressed in E. coli expression system with C-His tag. The predicted molecular weight is 17.97 kDa and the accession number is B3Y6B0.

MD2 LY96 Protein, Human, Recombinant (N-His) is expressed in E. coli. The accession number is Q9Y6Y9.

Expression system: HEK293 Cells
Length: 1-160, Full Length
Activity: Not Tested

Surfactant Pulmonary-Associated Protein D (SP-D) is a 43 kDa member of the collectin family of innate immune modulators. Its principal components consist of a collagen-like region and a C-terminal carbohydrate recognition domain (CRD), a structure that places it in a subset of pattern recognition proteins termed defense collagens. SP-D is constitutively secreted by alveolar lining cells and epithelium associated with tubular structures and induced in cardiac smooth muscle and endothelial cells. It binds both secreted and transmembrane proteins that transduce its function. It binds human neutrophil defensins, modulating influenza anti-viral defense. It binds MD-2 LY96, a secreted protein that cooperates with Toll-like receptors (TLRs) in the response of macrophages to bacterial lipopolysaccharides (LPS) or cell wall components. It also binds macrophage CD14 and TLRs directly, blocking binding of LPS and down-regulating TNF-α secretion. SP-D binding of both SIRPα and the calreticulin CD91 complex on macrophages allows for a graded response to environmental challenge.

TLR4, also known as TLR-4, is a member of the Toll-like receptor (TLR) family, which plays a fundamental role in pathogen recognition and activation of innate immunity. TLRs are highly conserved from Drosophila to humans and share structural and functional similarities. They recognize pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) that are expressed on infectious agents, and mediate the production of cytokines necessary for the development of effective immunity. TLR4 is most abundantly expressed in placenta, and in myelomonocytic subpopulation of the leukocytes. TLR 4 has also been designated as CD284 (cluster of differentiation 284). It has been implicated in signal transduction events induced by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) found in most gram-negative bacteria. TLR4 Cooperates with LY96 and CD14 to mediate the innate immune response to bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS). It acts via MYD88, TIRAP and TRAF6, leading to NF-kappa-B activation, cytokine secretion and the inflammatory response. It is also involved in LPS-independent inflammatory responses triggered by Ni(2+).