dna damage

Ciprofloxacin monohydrochloride (Bay-09867 hydrochloride) is a broad-spectrum antimicrobial carboxyfluoroquinoline.

Ciprofloxacin (Bay-09867) mainly targets bacterial DNA Gyrase (IC50=0.22-0.31 µM) and topoisomerase IV (IC50=0.3-1.9 µM). Ciprofloxacin is a highly active fluoroquinolone antibiotic.

Ciprofloxacin hydrochloride monohydrate (Bay-09867 hydrochloride monohydrate) is a fluoroquinolone antibiotic,is an antibiotic used to treat a number of bacterial infections

Phleomycin is one of the anticancer glycopeptide antibiotics which cause DNA cleavage. It is similar to Bleomycin which binds and intercalates DNA to damage the integrity of the double helix.

Cjoc42 is an inhibitor of gankyrin, an ankyrin-repeat oncoprotein whose overexpression has been implicated in the development of many cancer types. cjoc42 prevents the decrease in p53 protein levels normally associated with high amounts of gankyrin, and it restores p53-dependent transcription and sensitivity to DNA damage

Mollugin (Rubimaillin) may be a JAK2 inhibitor and inhibits LPS-induced inflammatory responses by blocking the activation of the JAK-STAT pathway. Mollugin as a candidate for a chemotherapeutic agent in OSCCs via the upregulation of the HO-1 and Nrf2 pathways and the downregulation of NF- κ B. Mollugin may be a novel therapeutic candidate for bone loss-associated disorders including osteoporosis, rheumatoid arthritis, and periodontitis. Also, it has anticancer efficacy, can modulate the HER2 pathway in HER2-overexpressing Y cells with a potential role in the treatment and prevention of human breast and ovarian Y with HER2 overexpression.

KPT-6566 is a novel selective covalent pin1 inhibitor, KPT-6566 shows an IC50 of 640 nM and a Ki of 625.2 nM for PIN1 PPIase domain,and has anti-cancer activity.

B355252 protects against cell death caused by glutamate-evoked oxidative stress. B355252 shows neuroprotective effect, potentiating nerve growth factor (NGF)-induced neurite outgrowth.

Amifostine trihydrate (WR2721) is the first approved radioprotective drug, used to decrease the risk of kidney problems caused by treatment with cisplatin.

Oxaliplatin (L-OHP) is a DNA alkylating agent, an inhibitor of DNA synthesis. Oxaliplatin causes DNA cross-linking damage, preventing DNA replication and transcription and leading to cell death. Oxaliplatin induces autophagy.

(-)-Epigallocatechin Gallate (EGCG) is a phenolic antioxidant polyphenol flavonoid found in plants such as green and black tea, which inhibits telomerase and DNA methyltransferase, blocks the activation of EGF receptors and HER-2 receptors, inhibits cellular oxidation, and prevents free radical damage to cells.

Trastuzumab is a humanized monoclonal antibody for patients with invasive breast cancers that overexpress HER2. Trastuzumab has been clinically used to treat HER2 Positive Metastatic Breast Cancer and HER2 Positive Gastric Cancer.

Cisplatin (CDDP) is a chemotherapeutic agent with antitumor activity and is a classic DNA crosslinker. It inhibits DNA synthesis and induces DNA damage in cancer cells by forming DNA adducts, ultimately leading to cell death. In addition, Cisplatin can activate ferroptosis and induce autophagy. In animal studies, it is commonly used to establish models of chronic kidney injury and acute renal failure.

Amifostine (Ethyol) anhydrous is a cytoprotective agent, acts as a free radical scavenging activity.

Talazoparib (LT-673) is a new-type PARP inhibitor (IC50: 0.58 nM), It similarly binds to PARP1/2 (Kis: 1.2/0.85 nM).

Elimusertib (BAY-1895344) is a potent, highly selective, and orally available ATR inhibitor with an IC50 of 7 nM, demonstrating significant anti-tumor efficacy as a monotherapy and strong combination potential with targeted alpha therapy Radium-223 dichloride.

Azoxymethane (AOM) is a colon-specific carcinogen that induces DNA damage and forms DNA adducts, and is commonly used to establish mouse models of colorectal cancer.

AOH1996 is an orally active ligand for the replicasome component PCNA (proliferating cell nuclear antigen), targeting the transcription-replication conflict (TRC). It interferes with the interaction of PCNA with its binding proteins, leading to DNA replication stress and apoptosis. AOH1996 causes proteasome-dependent rpb1 degradation and lethal DNA damage by stabilizing the interaction between PCNA and RNA polymerase II, and acts synergistically with DNA damaging agents to inhibit tumor cell growth.

SSK1 is a compound that selectively kills senescent cells and is a precursor for β-galactosidase, which can reduce the inflammatory response of the body. SSK1 can activate the phosphorylation of p38 MAPK and MKK3/MKK6 in senescent cells, and promote mitochondrial DNA damage in senescent cells.

ZNL 02-096 (Pomalidomide-C3-adavosertib) is a rapid and selective degrader of Wee1 (IC50=3.58 nM).ZNL 02-096 selectively degrades Wee1 at submolar concentrations without damaging PLK1, a secondary target of AZD 1775.ZNL 02-096 induces degradation of Wee1 and accumulation of DNA damage in MOLT-4 cells in vitro, In vitro in MOLT-4 cells, ZNL 02-096 induced Wee1 degradation, accumulation of DNA damage, cell cycle arrest in G2/M phase and apoptosis.ZNL 02-096 showed anti-proliferative effects in 300 cancer cell lines.

CAM 833 is an effective orthosteric inhibitor of the BRCA2-RAD51 interaction, inhibiting RAD51 aggregation, enhancing DNA damage-induced apoptosis, increasing 4N cell cycle arrest, and disrupting homologous DNA repair (HDR), and can be used for cancer therapy.

NSC-697923 (2-[(4-methylphenyl)sulfonyl]-5-nitrofuran), a potent inhibitor of UBE2N (ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme E2 N, Ubc13), exhibits its role in inducing cell death in neuroblastoma (NB) cells through two distinct mechanisms. In p53 wild-type NB cells, NSC-697923 promotes the nuclear importation of p53, thereby triggering cell death. Meanwhile, in p53 mutant NB cells, NSC-697923 activates the JNK-mediated apoptotic pathway, leading to cell death. Additionally, NSC-697923 inhibits DNA damage and NF-κB signaling, further contributing to its antitumor activity.

Anticancer agent 110 is an anticancer compound with cytotoxic, antitumor, and antileukemic activity that triggers DNA damage and apoptosis and is used in the study of chronic granulocytic leukemia.

DNA polymerase-IN-1, a DNA polymerase inhibitor, exhibited antiproliferative activity against tumor cells with a half-inhibitory concentration (IC50) of 20.7 μM. DNA polymerase-IN-1 inhibited Taq DNA polymerase with an IC50 of less than 250 μM. DNA polymerase-IN-1 was shown to inhibit Taq DNA polymerase by RT- DNA polymerase-IN-1 showed antiretroviral activity in vitro by RT-PCR assay and can be used to study oxidative damage and colorectal cancer.