acetyl-coa

Acetyl coenzyme A (Acetyl-CoA) is a pivotal molecule connecting multiple cellular metabolic pathways, participating in the tricarboxylic acid cycle, fatty acid synthesis, and oxidative phosphorylation metabolism, among others, regulating various cellular metabolic mechanisms and reflecting cellular energy status.

Acetyl-CoA Carboxylase-IN-1 (ACC-IN-1) is an efficient inhibitor of acetyl-CoA carboxylase (ACC), with antibacterial activity, and can be applied in the study of metabolic diseases.

(4-Coumaroyl)acetyl-CoA, also known as p-Coumaroyl-diketide-coenzyme A, is an acyl-coenzyme A compound.

(Methylenecyclopropyl)acetyl-CoA (S-(2-Methylenecyclopropyl)acetyl-CoA) is a derivative of coenzyme A.

2-(1,2-Epoxy-1,2-dihydrophenyl)acetyl-CoA (2-(1,2-Epoxy-1,2-dihydrophenyl)acetyl-coenzyme A) is a type of acyl coenzyme A.

Acetoacetyl CoA serves as a precursor to HMG-CoA in the mevalonate pathway. Catalyzed by acetoacetyl-CoA thiolase, it is formed from two acetyl-CoA molecules. Acetoacetyl CoA is vital for cholesterol biosynthesis and also acts as an intermediate in both the breakdown and synthesis of fatty acids.

2-Tolylacetyl-CoA (2-Tolylacetyl-coenzyme A) is a derivative of coenzyme A.

2-Methylacetoacetyl-COA (2-Methylacetoacetyl-coenzyme A) is a type of 3-oxoacyl Coenzyme A.

2-Oxepin-2(3H)-ylideneacetyl-CoA (Oxepin-coenzyme A) is a type of acyl-coenzyme A.

2-Aminobenzoylacetyl-CoA (2-Aminobenzoylacetyl-coenzyme A) is a type of acyl-coenzyme A.

3,5-Dihydroxyphenylacetyl-CoA (3,5-Dihydroxyphenylacetyl-coenzyme A) is a type of acyl-coenzyme A.

3′-Dephosphoacetyl-CoA (Acetyldephospho-CoA) is a derivative of coenzyme A.

2-Oxo-delta3-4,5,5-trimethylcyclopentenylacetyl-CoA is a derivative of coenzyme A.

Doxorubicin hydrochloride is an anthracycline antibiotic with cytotoxic and antitumor activity. It is an effective inhibitor of human DNA topoisomerase I and II, with IC50 values of 0.8 μM and 2.67 μM, respectively. In addition to inhibiting DNA topoisomerases, it can reduce the phosphorylation of AMPK and its downstream target, acetyl-CoA carboxylase. Doxorubicin hydrochloride also induces apoptosis and autophagy. In animal studies, it is commonly used to induce models of acute renal failure, chronic kidney injury, and heart failure.

(S)-3-Hydroxybutanoic acid (L-(+)-3-Hydroxybutyric acid) is a normal human metabolite that has been found elevated in geriatric patients remitting from depression. (S)-3-Hydroxybutanoic acid is synthesized in the liver from acetyl-CoA in humans, and can be used as an energy source by the brain when blood glucose is low.

Oxaloacetic acid, also known as oxosuccinic acid or oxalacetic acid, is a four-carbon dicarboxylic acid appearing as an intermediate of the citric acid cycle. In vivo, oxaloacetate (the ionized form of oxaloacetic acid) is formed by the oxidation of L-mal

Butanoic acid is an endogenous human metabolite, an endogenous histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitor. The IC50 of HDAC3, HDAC4 and HDAC1 were 2.4 mM, 4.5 mM and 5.3 mM, respectively. 3-Hydroxybutyric acid has the effects of energy metabolism, neuroprotection, anti-inflammatory, and improvement of insulin resistance.

Acetyl phosphate lithium potassium (Lithium potassium acetyl phosphate) is a compound involved in taurine and hypotaurine metabolism as well as pyruvate metabolism. Acetyl phosphate lithium potassiu is generated from sulfoacetaldehyde, converted to acetyl-CoA and acetate via phosphate acetyltransferase and acetate kinase respectively. Acetyl phosphate lithium potassiu is also an intermediate in pyruvate metabolism.

N-Acetyl-L-glutamic acid (Ac-L-Glu-OH) (NAcGlu) is an acetylated amino acid. NAcGlu is biosynthesized from glutamic acid and acetyl-CoA by the enzyme N-acetyl glutamate synthase (NAGS). NAcGlu activates carbamoyl phosphate synthetase in the urea cycle. A deficiency in N-acetyl glutamate synthase or a genetic mutation in the gene coding for the enzyme will lead to urea cycle failure in which ammonia is not converted to urea, but rather accumulated in the blood leading to the condition called Type I hyperammonemia.

(E)-2-Butenoic acid (Crotonic acid) is fatty acid formed by the action of fatty acid synthases from acetyl-CoA and malonyl-CoA precursors. Crotonic acid is involved in the fatty acid biosynthesis. Crotonic acid is also found in water extracts from carrot seeds (Daucus carota L.).

CIL56 (CA3) is a small molecule that induces cellular ferroptosis through the production of iron-dependent reactive oxygen species (ROS). It also induces accumulation of long-chain saturated, monounsaturated, and polyunsaturated fatty acids in HT-1080 cells in vitro.HT-1080 cells lacking acetyl-CoA carboxylase 1 (ACC1), the rate-limiting enzyme in fatty acid synthesis, exhibit 5-fold resistance to CIL56 treatment, indicating ACC1 activity sensitizes cells to CIL56-induced cell death.

L002, a potent, cell-permeable, reversible, and specific acetyltransferase p300 (KAT3B) inhibitor with an IC50 of 1.98 μM, directly binds the acetyl-CoA pocket and competitively inhibits the FATp300 catalytic domain. By blocking histone acetylation, p53 acetylation, and STAT3 activation, L002 shows potential in the treatment of hypertension‐induced cardiac hypertrophy and fibrogenesis.

(-)-Hydroxycitric acid lactone (Garcinia lactone) is an anti-obesity agent and a potent inhibitor of ATP citrate lyase, an enzyme that catalyzes the extramitochondrial cleavage of citrate to oxaloacetate and acetyl-CoA.

MK-4074 is a liver-specific acetyl-CoA carboxylase (ACC1 and ACC2) inhibitor with an IC50 of 3 nM.