RIPK3-IN-1

RIPK3-IN-1 is a selective and potent RIPK3 inhibitor (IC50: 9.1 nM) that inhibits the activities of c-Met kinase, RIPK1 and RIPK2.RIPK3-IN-1 has potential tumorigenic activity and can be used to study apoptosis.

TopoisomeraseI II inhibitor 8 (Compound Ru7) is a dual catalytic inhibitor of TopoisomeraseI II that induces DNA damage and activates PARP-1, leading to the activation of RIPK1, RIPK3, and MLKL, ultimately causing necroptosis. It shows significant anticancer activity by effectively targeting cancer cell nuclei and inducing cell death through necroptosis, offering substantial clinical potential in overcoming resistance in cancer treatment.

SZM679 is an orally active, selective RIPK1 inhibitor displaying potent affinity with a dissociation constant (Kd) of 8.6 nM for RIPK1, while exhibiting minimal activity towards RIPK3, with a Kd of >5000 nM. It effectively counteracts tumor necrosis factor-induced systemic inflammation, reduces Tau hyperphosphorylation, diminishes neuroinflammation, and lowers RIPK1 phosphorylation in the hippocampus and cortex. SZM679 is utilized in Alzheimer's disease (AD) research [1].

NecroIr1, an iridium(III) complex, acts as a necroptosis inducer in Cisplatin-resistant lung cancer cells (A549R). It selectively targets mitochondria, causing oxidative stress and reducing mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP). By activating receptor-interacting serine-threonine kinase 3 (RIPK3) and Mixed Lineage Kinase (MLKL), and modulating CDK4 expression, NecroIr1 facilitates cell death mechanisms [1].

NecroIr2, an iridium(III) complex, functions as a necroptosis inducer in cisplatin-resistant lung cancer cells (A549R). It preferentially accumulates in mitochondria, causing oxidative stress and a reduction in mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP). Moreover, NecroIr2 initiates the activation of receptor-interacting serine threonine kinase 3 (RIPK3) and mixed lineage kinase domain-like pseudokinase (MLKL), while also regulating CDK4 expression [1].

RIPK3-IN-3 (compound 20) is a selective RIPK3 inhibitor with a potent IC50 value of 10 nM, effectively blocking RIPK3-mediated phosphorylation of MLKL, preventing oligomerization and necroptosis induction. Moreover, RIPK3-IN-3 suppresses CXCL5 secretion and impedes AsPC-1 cell migration and invasion [1].

RIPK2 3-IN-1 is a potent inhibitor of both RIPK2 and RIPK3 kinases, exhibiting IC50 values of 3 nM for RIPK2 and 117 nM for RIPK3. Additionally, in a 14-TriLAN-Gly NOD1 THP-1 cell-based NF-κB reporter assay, RIPK2 3-IN-1 demonstrates an IC50 value of 14 ± 4 nM against RIPK2 [1].

RIPK3-IN-4 (Compound 42) is a RIPK3 inhibitor that mitigates necroptosis, inflammatory responses, and HK-2 cell damage. It alleviates acute kidney injury by attenuating Cisplatin- and I R-induced kidney damage, along with associated inflammatory responses and necroptosis [1].

VDX-111, an analog of vitamin D, exhibits cytotoxicity in ovarian cancer cells by upregulating the RIPK1 RIPK3 pathway and inducing necroptosis. It also promotes the expression of cytokines and demonstrates antitumor activity in a mouse model [1].

Necroptosis-IN-4 is an effective inhibitor of necroptosis, specifically targeting RIP kinase 1 (RIPK1) without inhibitory activity against RIPK3. It exhibits weak inhibitory effects on VEGFR1 2 and PDGFR-α.