Antioxidant

Antioxidant peptide A acetate is a short peptide, which contains alternative aromatic or sulfur-containing amino acid.

Antioxidant peptide A is a short peptide, which contains alternative aromatic or sulfur-containing amino acid.

Antioxidant Agent-9, a peptide featuring the Asp-Trp sequence, exhibits antioxidant properties and demonstrates potential as an antiviral against SARS-CoV-2, possessing an affinity strength comparable to that of Chloroquine and Favipiravir [1] [2].

Elamipretide (MTP-131) is a mitochondria-targeted antioxidant tetrapeptide (D-Arg-dimethylTyr-Lys-Phe-NH2) that reduces toxic reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and stabilizes cardiolipin, with blood-brain-barrier permeability. Elamipretide is a potential therapeutic agent in the rare disease of Barnes syndrome.

H-PRO-HIS-CYS-LYS-ARG-MET-OH acetate acts as antioxidant by reacting with active oxygen species such as superoxide and hydroxyl radicals.

Homocarnosine acetate is a dipeptide unique to brain consisting of γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) and histidine. Homocarnosine acetate has antioxidant and anti-inflammatory actions, prevention of DNA damage, and inhibition of advanced glycation end-product formation

Pinealon Acetategland has antioxidant activity and can directly interact with the cell genome.

GLP-1(28-36)amide acetate inhibits mitochondrial permeability transition with antioxidant, anti-diabetic and cardioprotection activities.

Obestatin (rat) acetate is an endogenous ligand of G-protein coupled receptor 39 (GPR39). Obestatin (rat) acetate has anti-inflammatory, anti-myocardial infarction and antioxidant properties. Obestatin (rat) acetate suppresses food intake, inhibits jejunal contraction, and decreases body-weight gain.

L-Glutathione reduced (Glutathione) is a naturally occurring tripeptide found in cells as an endogenous antioxidant that scavenges oxygen free radicals. L-Glutathione reduced is a cofactor for certain enzymes and is involved in the rearrangement of protein disulfide bonds and the reduction of peroxides.

MHLWAAK, an antioxidant peptide derived from pancreatin hydrolysate of C-phycocyanin, exhibits potent DPPH and ABTS radical scavenging capabilities. It effectively shields zebrafish larvae against H2O2-induced oxidative damage [1].

GLP-1(28-36)amide, a C-terminal nonapeptide derived from the cleavage of GLP-1 by neutral endopeptidase (NEP), is a significant product. It functions as an antioxidant and primarily targets the mitochondrion, where it effectively inhibits mitochondrial permeability transition (MPT). This compound exhibits anti-diabetic properties and demonstrates cardioprotection effects[1].

MHLWAAK TFA, an antioxidant peptide derived from the pancreatin hydrolysate of C-phycocyanin, exhibits potent DPPH and ABTS radical scavenging properties. It effectively shields zebrafish larvae against oxidative damage induced by H2O2 [1].

MAQAAEYYR, an antioxidant peptide derived from the pancreatin hydrolysate of C-phycocyanin, exhibits potent scavenging activities against DPPH and ABTS radicals. It also confers protection to zebrafish larvae against oxidative damage induced by H2O2 [1].

MDYYFEER, an antioxidant peptide derived from pancreatin hydrolysate of C-phycocyanin, exhibits strong DPPH and ABTS radical scavenging activities. It has been demonstrated to protect zebrafish larvae against oxidative damage induced by H2O2 [1].

MDYYFEER TFA, an antioxidant peptide derived from pancreatin hydrolysate of C-phycocyanin, exhibits potent DPPH and ABTS radical scavenging capability. This compound effectively shields zebrafish larvae against oxidative damage induced by H2O2 [1].

MAQAAEYYR TFA, an antioxidant peptide derived from the pancreatin hydrolysate of C-phycocyanin, exhibits potent DPPH and ABTS radical scavenging properties. It confers protection to zebrafish larvae against oxidative damage induced by H2O2 [1].

H-Leu-Leu-Ala-OH, a tripeptide consisting of two L-leucine residues linked to L-alanine via peptide bonds, exhibits antioxidant activities [1].

IGF-I (24-41) is a 24-41 amino acid fragment of Insulin-like Growth Factor I (IGF-I). IGF-I is partly responsible for systemic GH activities although it possesses a wide number of own properties (anabolic, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and cytoprotective

AHK, a bioactive peptide known for its antioxidant properties, has been employed as a cosmetic ingredient [1].

Tetrapeptide-1 is a bioactive peptide renowned for its antioxidant properties and has been cited as an ingredient in cosmetics [1].

δ-Sleep Inducing Peptide (DSIP) is a neuropeptide, with antioxidant and anxiolytic properties.

Oxytocin acetate (α-Hypophamine acetate) is a mammalian neurohypophysial hormone, a ligand of oxytocin receptor.

TP4 (Nile tilapia piscidin) is an orally active piscidin-like antimicrobial peptide that exhibits inhibition of various gram-positive and negative bacterial strains with a minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) ranging from 0.03 to 10 μg/mL. It demonstrates hemolytic activity and promotes immune response, antioxidant activity, and intestinal health in the presence of bacterial infections. Additionally, TP4 has an anti-tumor effect and induces necrosis in cancer cells by triggering mitochondrial dysfunction [1] [2] [3].

δ-Sleep Inducing Peptide acetate, a neuropeptide, exhibits antioxidant and anxiolytic properties [1] [2].

Insulin-like Growth Factor I (24-41) TFA, a fragment comprising amino acids 24 to 41 of the full IGF-I TFA molecule, is a variant of IGF-I TFA, which itself is a 70 amino acid polypeptide hormone. This hormone serves as a trophic factor beneficial for both neurons and glial cells, playing a significant role in mediating the effects of growth hormone (GH) on systemic growth. Additionally, IGF-I TFA exhibits anabolic, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and cytoprotective properties. The specific fragment IGF-I (24-41) TFA is involved in regulating somatic growth as well as behavioral development [1] [2] [3].

Kisspeptin-10, rat TFA serves as both a potent vasoconstrictor and an inhibitor of angiogenesis, as well as acting as a ligand for the rodent kisspeptin receptor (KISS1, GPR54). Additionally, Kisspeptin-10 TFA demonstrates potential antioxidant properties by reducing Methotrexate-induced reproductive toxicity [1].

Maculosin is a secondary metabolite of fungi and bacteria.

Lunasin, a bioactive peptide derived from soybean, exhibits antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anticancer, and anti-aging properties. It operates through an epigenetic mechanism linked to histone acetylation and has the ability to penetrate cells and impede the formation of oncospheres in cancer cells [1].

GLP-1(28-36)amide TFA, a C-terminal nonapeptide derived from GLP-1 cleavage by neutral endopeptidase (NEP), acts as an antioxidant targeting mitochondria. It inhibits mitochondrial permeability transition (MPT), exhibiting anti-diabetic and cardioprotective effects [1].

IGF-I is partly responsible for systemic GH activities although it possesses a wide number of own properties (anabolic, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and cytoprotective actions).IGF-I (24-41) (TFA) is amino acids 24 to 41 fragment of Insulin-like Growth

MTP 131 is a mitochondria-targeted peptide antioxidant.1,2It localizes to the mitochondria and reducestert-butyl hydroperoxide-induced lipid peroxidation and apoptosis in SH-SY5Y cells when used at concentrations ranging from 0.001 to 1 nM.1MTP 131 (2 mg kg) reduces infarct volume, hemispheric swelling, and glutathione (GSH) depletion in a mouse model of acute cerebral ischemia induced by middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO).2It increases survival, improves motor function, and decreases degeneration of the lumbar spinal cord in a superoxide dismutase 1 mutant (SOD1G93A) transgenic mouse model of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) when administered at a dose of 5 mg kg. MTP 131 reduces albuminuria, urinary hydrogen peroxide levels, and mesangial matrix accumulation, as well as preserves superoxide production, in adb dbmouse model of diabetic nephropathy.3 1.Zhao, K., Luo, G., Giannelli, S., et al.Mitochondria-targeted peptide prevents mitochondrial depolarization and apoptosis induced by tert-butyl hydroperoxide in neuronal cell linesBiochem. Pharmacol.70(12)1796-1806(2005) 2.Szeto, H.H.Mitochondria-targeted peptide antioxidants: Novel neuroprotective agentsAAPS J.8(3)E521-E531(2006) 3.Miyamoto, S., Zhang, G., Hall, D., et al.Restoring mitochondrial superoxide levels with elamipretide (MTP-131) protects db db mice against progression of diabetic kidney diseaseJ. Biol. Chem.295(21)7249-7260(2020)

Nitrosoglutathione (GSNO) is an endogenous transnitrosation donor involved in S-nitrosation of a variety of cellular proteins. GSNO, an exogenous NO donor and substrate of rat alcohol dehydrogenase class III isoenzyme, inhibits cerebral angiotensin II-dependent and -independent AT1 receptor responses.

L-Alanyl-L-glutamine (Ala-Gln), a dipeptide composed of alanine and Gln, is an alternative supplement to L-glutamine in the production of biopharmaceuticals with better solubility and stability than glutamine (Gln).

IGF-I (30-41) (TFA) is a fragment consisting of amino acids 30 to 41 from Insulin-like Growth Factor I (IGF-I), a compound responsible in part for systemic GH (Growth Hormone) activities. It exhibits an array of properties including anabolic, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and cytoprotective actions [1].

γ-Glutamyl-S-allylcysteine (L-γ-Glutamyl-(S)-Allyl-Cysteine) is a γ-glutamyl peptide extracted from Allium sativum L. γ-Glutamyl-S-allylcysteine possesses anti-glycation and antioxidant activities, and can inhibit the cholesterol biosynthesis.

L-Carnosine (Karnozin) is is an antioxidant naturally found in skeletal muscle, brain tissue. It has the potential to suppress many of the biochemical changes that accompany aging.