3-carboxyumbelliferyl-b-d-galactopyranoside

CUG is a fluorogenic substrate (λex=386, λem=445 nm, ε=32K).

Coelenteramine 400a (Coelenterazine 400a), a Coelenterazine derivative, serves as a substrate for Renilla luciferase (RLuc), facilitating the emission of blue light at 395 nm [1] [2]. This compound alters the bioluminescence color of RLuc by substituting the sulfur and oxygen heteroatoms in the methylene bridge. Coelenteramine 400a enhances signal resolution, proving useful in bioluminescence resonance energy transfer (BRET) research [3].

Crystal Violet (Hexamethylpararosaniline chloride) is a triarylmethane dye that is a mixture of violet rosanilinis, with antibacterial, antifungal, and anthelmintic properties.

Nitro blue tetrazolium chloride (NBT), an NADPH-diaphorase substrate (IC50 = 3-4 M) and well-known scavenger of superoxide anions, competitively inhibits nitric oxide synthase. Additionally, NBT, as a substrate for dehydrogenases, is used with the alkaline phosphatase substrate BCIP in western blotting and immunohistological staining procedures.

Alizarin Complexone (Alizarin-3-methyliminodiacetic acid) is an inhibitor of Rous-associated virus 2 reverse transcriptase. Alizarin Complexone can be used as a calcium-tracer and a chelating agent for biological studies.

Bromophenol Blue, an acid phthalein dye, is utilized both as a tracking dye for electrophoresis and as a pH indicator with a transition range of pH 3 to 4.6.

3-Cyano-7-hydroxycoumarin (3-Cyanoumbelliferone) is a macrophage inhibitor of macrophage inhibitory factor (MIF) interconjugate isomerase with a Ki of 2.9 μM. 3-Cyano-7-hydroxycoumarin belongs to the group of coumarin derivatives, which can be used as molecular probes and fluorescent dyes.

Fast Green FCF (FD&C Green No. 3), a safe biocompatible color additive, has been suggested to mitigate chronic pain.

5-Bromo-4-chloro-3-indolyl β-D-glucopyranoside (X-Glc) is a chromogenic substrate for β-galactosidase, producing a blue product under β-galactosidase catalysis, commonly used for in situ β-galactosidase staining and blue-white screening.

7-Hydroxycoumarin-3-carboxylic acid (7-HC-3-CA) is a safe anti-browning agent that inhibits tyrosinase activity, used in food preservation and human pigmentation research.

Carmine (Carmine red) is an azo dye derived from dried Dactylopius coccus var. Costa and is an added food coloring.Carmine causes immediate hypersensitivity and delayed systemic reactions.3-Phosphoglyceric acid (Glycerate 3-phosphate) is a glycolic acid derivative involved in glycolysis and the Calvin cycle, and in the epigenetic regulation of alveolar macrophages.

Sulfo-NHS-SS-Biotin sodium (Sulfosuccinimidyl 3-[[2-(biotinamido)ethyl]dithio]propionate) is a cell-impermeant and long-chain cleavable amine-reactive biotinylation reagent. It can be used for the labeling and purifying of cell-surface protein.

NBD-PE is a lipid dye used primarily as a probe to study lipid organisation and dynamics within cell membranes and also to study membrane fusion by fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET), Ex=463 nm, Em=536 nm.

ADPS (N-Ethyl-N-(3-sulfopropyl)-3-methoxyaniline sodium salt) is a kind of new Trinder's reagents, which are high water-soluble aniline derivatives. It is widely used in diagnostic and biochemical tests.

Hoechst 33258 analog 3 is part of a family of blue fluorescent dyes used to stain DNA.

5-Bromo-4-chloro-3-indoxyl-beta-D-cellobioside is a chromogenic compound used to detect cellobiohydrolases.

TMB-PS (TMBZ-PS) is a chromogenic reagent for the detection of hydrogen peroxide e.g. in the enzymatic analysis of body fluids.

3-Cyano-7-ethoxycoumarin is cytochrome P450 (CYP) isoforms CYP1A1 and CYP1A2 .

Amine-PEG3-Biotin can be used as a signal amplification label.

Sulfo-Cy3 diacid NHS ester is a CY3-derived dye. Cy3 (Sulfo-Cyanine3) is an amine-reactive cyanine orange dye with Ex/Em=550/570 nm, commonly used for fluorescent labelling of proteins and nucleic acids.

DiI (DiIC18(3)) is a lipophilic membrane dye commonly used as a long-term tracer for neurons and other cells. DiI fluoresces very weakly before it enters the cell membrane, and only after it enters the cell membrane can it be excited to emit a strong orange-red fluorescence (λex=549 nm, λem=565 nm).