β muricholic acid

β-Muricholic acid (β-MCA) is a murine-specific primary bile acid.[1],[2] Dietary administration of β-MCA reduces HMG-CoA reductase activity in liver microsomes from mice fed a high cholesterol and cholic acid diet.[3] Dietary administration of β-MCA also dissolves 100% of gallstones in a gallstone-susceptible mouse model of diet-induced cholesterol gallstones.[4]

Tauro-β-muricholic acid (TβMCA), a trihydroxylated bile acid, serves as a competitive and reversible FXR antagonist (IC50 = 40 μM) and demonstrates antiapoptotic effects by preventing bile acid-induced hepatocellular apoptosis and maintaining mitochondrial membrane potential [1][2].