sweetener

D-Sorbitol (Sorbitol) is a polyhydric alcohol with about half the sweetness of sucrose, occurring naturally and also produced synthetically from glucose. Formerly used as a diuretic, it may still be used as a laxative and in irrigating solutions for certain surgical procedures. It is also utilized in various manufacturing processes, as a pharmaceutical aid, and in several research applications.

Sucralose is a non-nutritive artificial sweetener and sugar substitute that stimulates appetite in rodents by activating a conserved neural fasting response.

A natural, noncaloric sweetener with a potency 300 times more than that of regular sucrose. Exhibits transepithelial p-aminohippurate transport via organic anion transport system interference.

Xylitol (Ribitol) is a five-carbon sugar alcohol derived from XYLOSE by reduction of the carbonyl group. It is as sweet as sucrose and used as a noncariogenic sweetener.

Perillartine (DL-Perillartine) is a sweetener. Perillartine activates the taste receptor type 1 member 2 (Tas1r2) subunit in a species-dependent manner.

PALATINOSE (TNP-470) is a natural occurring disaccharide composed of alpha-1,6-linked glucose and fructose. PALATINOSE has a beneficial effect on liver metabolic functions and might therefore be a good substitute for sucrose as a sweetener.

D-Glucose (Glucopyranose) is a monosaccharide, a natural glucose, a sweetener. D-Glucose is the main functional substance of living organisms, and is used as a nutrient in medicine, with diuretic, detoxification and cardiotonic effects.

Neohesperidin Dihydrochalcone (Neohesperidin DC) is an artificial sweetener derived from citrus.

Rebaudioside D is a potential sweetener. Rebaudioside D shows similar stability when exposed to simulate stomach and small intestine fluids, with susceptibility to hydrolytic degradation by enteric bacteria collected from the cecum.

Naringin dihydrochalcone (Naringin DC) is an inhibitor of CYP enzymes, used as an artificial sweetener.

Mogroside V is a widely used sweetener, has in vitro AMPK activating effect, it also has anti-inflammatory potential in murine macrophages and a murine ear edema model, and has the potential to protect against LPS-induced airway inflammation in a model of ALI. Mogroside V has antioxidant properties and possesses tumor growth inhibitory activity in pancreatic cancer models.

Suavioside A tastes sweet, it could be used as a sweetener.

Rebaudioside O, a steviol glycoside extractable from S. rebaudiana Morita—a cultivar of S. rebaudiana Bertoni—is employed as a sweetener [1] [2] [3].

1. Steviol (NSC-226902), a natural sweetener, it inhibits proliferation of the gastrointestinal cancer cells intensively. 2. Steviol can induce a significant increase in CYP3A29 expression. 3. Steviol inhibits the proliferation of the human osteosarcoma U2OS cell line in a dose- and time-dependent manner. 4. Steviol can treat polycystic kidney disease, it slowed cyst growth, in part, by reducing AQP2 transcription, promoted proteasome, and lysosome-mediated AQP2 degradation.

Isosteviol ((-)-Isosteviol), a common natural sweetener, belongs to tetracyclic diterpene glycosides. The pharmacology researches have suggested that stevioside and its hydrolysis products, steviol, isosteviol and steviolbioside, have many biological activities, such as reducing blood glucose, lowering blood pressure, anti-inflammation, anti-tumor, anti-diarrhea, antibacterium, immunoregulation, etc.

Stevia Powder, a natural sweetener, possesses antioxidant properties. It regulates antifibrotic pathways in cirrhotic rats, demonstrated by a reduction in hepatic stellate cells and decreased expression of matrix metalloproteinases MMP2 and MMP13. Furthermore, it increases the antifibrotic molecule Smad7, which helps prevent the elevation of serum necrosis and bile retention markers, thereby inhibiting the progression of liver fibrosis.

Phyllodulcin, an orally active sweetener discovered in Hydrangea macrophylla var. thunbergii, functions as a non-selective phosphodiesterase inhibitor that mitigates allergic reactions by suppressing the activation of lymphocytes. Additionally, it combats obesity through the regulation of leptin levels, genes associated with fat browning, and the hypothalamic BDNF-TrkB signaling pathway.

Steviolbioside (CCRIS-6025) is a natural sweetener, it presents notable inhibition on human hepatocarcinoma cell Hep3B, human breast cancer cell MDA-MB-231 and human pancreatic cancer cell BxPC-3, thus, steviolbioside(CCRIS-6025) could be a potential remedy for human breast cancer. Steviolbioside exhibits moderate antituberculosis activity against M. tuberculosis strain H37RV in vitro.

Mogroside VI A is a saccharide compound, an isomer of Mogroside VI, that has been extracted from the Luo Han Guo plant. It possesses inherent sweetness properties. Mogroside VI A holds potential for application in sweetener and taste modifier studies.

Mogroside IIe is a bitter triterpenoid saponin which is the main component of unripe Luo Han Guo fruit and a precursor of the commercially available sweetener mogroside V.

Glycyrrhetic acid 3-O-β-D-glucuronide is a potent sweetener (relative sweetness to sucrose: x 941).

Mogroside III-A1 is a triterpenoid glycoside derived from Siraitia grosvenorii Swingle, serving as a nonsugar sweetener.

Mogroside IIA1 (Mogroside II-A1) is isolated from the fruits of Siraitia grosvenorii. Mogroside IIA1 is a a nonsugar sweetener and sweeter than sucrose. Mogroside IIA1 possesses antioxidant, antidiabetic and anticancer activities.

Mogroside I E1, a triterpenoid glycoside isolated from the extracts of Luo Han Guo, acts as a nonsugar sweetener.