Ribavirin

Ribavirin (Tribavirin) is a synthetic nucleoside analog of ribofuranose with activity against hepatitis C virus and other RNA viruses.

D4-Ribavirin is isolated from the brine shrimp active fraction of the MeOH extract of the starfish Certonardoa semiregular.

Ribavirin 5'-monophosphate (lithium salt) directly inhibits IMP dehydrogenase (converts IMP to XMP).

Ribavirin-13C5is intended for use as an internal standard for the quantification of ribavirin by GC- or LC-MS. Ribavirin is an antiviral guanosine nucleoside analog.1,2Upon entry into cells, ribavirin is metabolized to an active triphosphate form that induces viral RNA chain termination and inhibits viral polymerases. It reduces replication in a panel of seven RNA and four DNA viruses in Vero cells (EC50s = 2-95 μg/ml).3Ribavirin also reduces replication of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) in Vero cells (EC50= 109.5 μM).4Aerosol administration of ribavirin (30 mg/kg) reduces mortality in a mouse model of influenza A infection.5Formulations containing ribavirin have been used in the treatment of respiratory syncytial virus (RSV), hepatitis C virus (HCV), and viral hemorrhagic fevers. 1.Gilbert, B.E., and Knight, V.Biochemistry and clinical applications of ribavirinAntimicrob. Agents Chemother.30(2)201-205(1986) 2.Gordon, C.J., Tchesnokov, E.P., Woolner, E., et al.Remdesivir is a direct-acting antiviral that inhibits RNA-dependent RNA polymerase from severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 with high potencyJ. Biol. Chem.295(20)6785-6797(2020) 3.Kirsi, J.J., North, J.A., McKernan, P.A., et al.Broad-spectrum antiviral activity of 2-β-D-ribofuranosylselenazole-4-carboxamide, a new antiviral agentAntimicrob. Agents Chemother.24(3)353-361(1983) 4.Wang, M., Cao, R., Zhang, L., et al.Remdesivir and chloroquine effectively inhibit the recently emerged novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) in vitroCell Res.30(3)269-271(2020) 5.Wilson, S.Z., Knight, V., Wyde, P.R., et al.Amantadine and ribavirin aerosol treatment of influenza A and B infection in miceAntimicrob. Agents Chemother.17(4)642-648(1980)

Nucleoside Derivatives - Other modified nucleosides; Drugs and Inhibitors; Ribavirin related compound A; metabolite of Ribavirin

Taribavirin hydrochloride is an orally active inosine monophosphate dehydrogenase inhibitor designed to concentrate within the liver to target HCV-infected hepatocytes, while minimizing distribution within red blood cells and the development of hemolytic anemia [2].

Taribavirin is an orally active inosine monophosphate dehydrogenase inhibitor designed to concentrate within the liver to target HCV-infected hepatocytes, while minimizing distribution within red blood cells (RBCs) and thereby reducing the risk of developing hemolytic anemia.

Levovirin (L-Ribavirin), the L-enantiomer of ribavirin, is a guanosine nucleoside analog with immunomodulatory activity and is used in the study of hepatitis C virus infection.

IDX184 is a potent, orally active, targeted HCV polymerase inhibitor and nucleoside polymerase.IDX184 effectively inhibits HCV polymerase (IC50=0.31 μM, Ki=52.3 nM). IDX184 is a liver-targeted nucleotide prodrug with anti-HCV activity that inhibits HCV NS5B polymerase and can be used in combination with pegylated interferon-α2a and ribavirin for the primary treatment of chronic hepatitis C. It has been shown to inhibit HCV polymerase and nucleoside polymerase.

Balapiravir (R1626, Ro 4588161) is the prodrug of a nucleoside analogue inhibitor of the hepatitis C virus (HCV) RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (R1479, RG1479). IC50 Value: Target: HCV Balapiravir was discontinued for safety reasons in 28-36% of patients (m

RSV IAV-IN-2 (compound 14c) is a potent dual inhibitor of RSV IAV, demonstrating lower cytotoxicity than the clinical drug Ribavirin, and shows potential for RSV and or IAV infection research [1].

RSV IAV-IN-1 (compound 14e) is a potent dual inhibitor of RSV IAV, exhibiting lower cytotoxicity than Ribavirin and indicating significant potential for researching RSV and or IAV infections [1].

Deleobuvir sodium is the salt form of Deleobuvir, also known as BI207127, a non-nucleoside hepatitis C virus NS5B polymerase inhibitor for the treatment of hepatitis C. Deleobuvir was tested in combination regimens with pegylated interferon and ribavirin, and in interferon-free regimens with other direct-acting antiviral agents including faldaprevir. Deleobuvir showed that a triple combination of deleobuvir, faldaprevir, and ribavirin performed well in HCV genotype 1b patients. Efficacy fell below 50%, however, for dual regimens without ribavirin and for genotype 1a patients. In December 2013, deleobuvir was discontinued since recent findings from phase III trials did not suggest sufficient efficacy.

RSV L-protein-IN-3 is an inhibitor of wild-type RSV polymerase with an IC50 of 10.4 μM and an EC50 of 2.1 μM (against RSV) and exhibits lower cytotoxicity than the clinical agent Ribavirin [1].