L-Kynurenine ((S)-Kynurenine) is a key intermediate in the breakdown pathway of tryptophan. L-Kynurenine is a substrate of kynureninase, KMO, and KAT associated with the suppression of antitumor immune responses. It has been shown to inhibit allogeneic T-cell proliferation and to increase malignant U87 glioma cell invasion into a collagen matrix.

Benzyl butyl phthalate (1,2-benzenedicarboxylic acid) is used as a plasticizer for PVC.

AHR antagonist 2 is an antagonist of the aryl hydrocarbon receptor. The IC50s for human AHR and mouse AHR are 0.885 and 2.03 nM, respectively.

PD98059 is an MEK inhibitor that inhibits MEK1 and MEK2 (IC50=2/50 μM) and is non-ATP-competitive. PD98059 is also antagonistic as a ligand for AHR. PD98059 inhibits autophagy.

BAY 2416964 is a small molecule inhibitor that selectively targets aromatic receptor (AhR) with an IC50 of 341 nM and is commonly used in cancer immunotherapy research.

Diosmin (Venosmine) is a bioflavonoid that strengthens vascular walls.

L-Ornithine ((S)-2,5-Diaminopentanoic acid) exhibits an anti-fatigue function by promoting ammonia excretion and enhancing energy consumption efficiency.

α-Hydroxyglutaric Acid Lithium, converted from glutamate in microorganisms and animals, is an inhibitor of α-ketoglutarate-dependent dioxygenase and 5-methylcytosine hydroxylase, and has an inhibitory effect on ATP synthase and mTOR signaling.