Punicalagin is a major ellagitannin found in pomegranates that is reported to produce antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anticancer effects. It has been shown to prevent high-fat diet-induced obesity-associated accumulation of cardiac triglyceride and cholesterol, as well as myocardial damage, via AMPK-mediated modulation of mitochondria and phase II enzymes.

SARS-CoV-2:7.20 μM (EC50), 3CLpro:6.192 μg/mL, LoVo cells:100-200 μM, PLpro:> 50 μM, HT29 cells:100-200 μM

METHODS: Human cervical cells ME-180 were treated with Punicalagin (10-100 µM) for 24 h. Cell viability was measured by MTT assay.
RESULTS: Punicalagin showed significant concentration-dependent cytotoxicity against ME-180 cells. The cell viability of Punicalagin-treated cells was reduced by approximately 80% compared to control cells. [1]
METHODS: Human cervical cancer cells, the HeLa, were treated with Punicalagin (25-100 µM) for 36 h. The cell cycle was detected by Flow cytometry.
RESULTS: The number of G1-phase cells increased significantly after 36 h of Punicalagin treatment. [2]

METHODS: To study the effects on MTX-induced hepatotoxicity in mice, Punicalagin (25-50 mg/kg, 0.5% CMC) was administered orally to Swiss albino mice once daily for ten days, followed by a single dose of MTX (20 mg/kg) injected intraperitoneally on the seventh day.
RESULTS: Punicalagin significantly attenuated MTX-induced elevation of serum aminotransferases, ALP, and LDH, as well as hepatic oxidative stress measures, and enhanced hepatic antioxidant defense. In MTX-induced mouse liver, Punicalagin inhibited oxidative damage, inflammation and apoptosis and upregulated Nrf2. [3]