DiO Staining Solution

DiO (3,3 '- Dioctadecyloxacarbocyanine perchlorate) is a commonly used lipophilic fluorescent dye. The long-chain alkyl groups in DiO molecules have strong hydrophobicity and can tightly bind with the phospholipid bilayer of biological membranes through hydrophobic interactions. After entering the cell membrane, they can gradually diffuse laterally and stain the entire cell membrane. The fluorescence intensity of free DiO molecules that have not bound to the membrane is low. When DiO binds to the membrane, its molecular conformation changes, and the fluorescence intensity is greatly enhanced. When excited, it emits green fluorescence (maximum excitation wavelength 484 nm, maximum emission wavelength 501 nm).