Asparagaceae

Timosaponin A1, a coprostane-type steroidal saponin, is found in Rhizoma Anemarrhenae.

Timosaponin AIII (Timosaponin A3) induces autophagy in HeLa cells followed by apoptotic cell death (IC50: 10 μM). The Timosaponin AIII cellular response is mediated via inhibition of mTORC1 and induction of ER stress (IC50: 2.5 μM, BT474 cells; 6 μM, MDAMB231). The Timosaponin AIII pro-apoptotic response is selective for tumor cells over normal cells but autophagy is induced in both.

Prosapogenin A (Progenin III) has anticancer activity.

Methylophiopogonone A is an isoflavone isolated from the roots of Ophiopogon japonicas with anti-inflammatory properties.

Costunolide (Costus lactone) has anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidant properties and mediates apoptosis.

Loureirin C can inhibit the activities of thrombin in vitro effectively.

Timosaponin BII (Prototimosaponin A III) exhibits anti-dementia and antioxidant activities, with potential applications in treating type 2 diabetes. It can inhibit the up-regulation of BACE1 and reduce the over-production of β-CTF and Aβ in rat retina induced by FeCl.

1. Neoruscogenin represents a universal pharmacological tool for RORα research due to its specific selectivity profile versus other nuclear receptors.

Dehydrocostus Lactone ((-)-Dehydrocostus lactone) shows anti-inflammatory, anti-ulcer, immunomodulatory and anti-tumor properties.

Ophiogenin 3-O-α-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1→2)-β-D-glucopyranoside (Ophiogenin-3-O-alpha-L-rhaMnopyranosyl-(1->2)-beta-D-glucopyranoside) is a natural product with significant pharmacological effects on the cardiovascular system.

1. Methylophiopogonanone B (MOPB) induces cell morphological change and Rho activation via melanocyte dendrite retraction and stress fiber formation.

Ophiopogonin D' can activate SIRT1 in a dose-dependent manner. Ophiopogonin D' also noncompetitively inhibits UGT1A6 and UGT1A10.

Alantolactone is a selective inhibitor of STAT3 that induces cancer-associated apoptosis and has antitumor activity.

Isoalantolactone (Isohelenin), isolated from Inula spp., can inhibit the growth of several types of Y cells.

Loureirin A has an inhibitory effect on platelet activation, perhaps through an impairment of PI3K/Akt signaling.Loureirin A negatively affects agonist-induced platelet aggregation such as collagen, collagen-related peptide (CRP), ADP and thrombin. Lourei

(-)-Syringaresinol (DL-Syringaresinol) is derived from the stems of Annona Montana. (-)-Syringaresinol inhibits the proliferation of human promyelocytic HL-60 cells through G1 arrest and induction of apoptosis and possesses anti-cancer activity.

Anemarrhenasaponin I shows the remarkable inhibiting effect on platelet aggregation.

1. Methylophiopogonanone A has anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidative properties. 2. Methylophiopogonanone A has therapeutic potential against cerebral I/R injury through its ability to attenuate BBB disruption by regulating the expression of MMP-9 and tigh

1. Ruscogenin has anti-inflammatory activity, suppressed zymosan A-evoked peritoneal total leukocyte migration in mice in a dose-dependent manner, 2. Ruscogenin inhibited adhesion of leukocytes to a human umbilical vein endothelial cell line (ECV34) injured by tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) in a concentration-dependent manner. 3. Ruscogenin significantly attenuate LPS-induced acute lung injury via inhibiting expressions of TF and iNOS and NF-kappa B p65 activation.

Timosaponin B III (Anemarsaponin BIII) is a bioactive steroidal saponin isolated from Anemarrhena asphodeloides Bge. Timosaponin B III possesses anti-inflammatory, anti-platelet aggregative and anti-depressive effects.

Officinalisinin I can effectively reduce the blood glucose and protect nerve injuryin diabetic mice.

Anemarsaponin B has anti-inflammatory effect in LPS-treated RAW 264.7macrophages, the effect is associated with the inhibition of NF-κB transcriptional activity, possibly via the p38 MAP kinase pathway. Anemarsaponin B can inhibit PAF-induced rabbit platelet aggregation in vitro.

Ophiopogonin D is a natural product,and is a CYP2J3 inducer that significantly inhibits Ang II induced NF-κB nuclear translocation. Ophiopogonin D(OPD) significantly inhibited the in vitro and in vivo growth of prostate cells via RIPK1, OPD may be developed as a potential anti-prostate cancer agent.

Ophiopogonin C' pharmacological activities may be related to the substances in nucleus mainly.